Examining capabilities, opportunities, and motivations for healthy eating behaviors in Latin American restaurants: a quantitative application of the COM-B model to inform future interventions.
Examining capabilities, opportunities, and motivations for healthy eating behaviors in Latin American restaurants: a quantitative application of the COM-B model to inform future interventions.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/s40795-023-00712-1
复制
发表时间：
2023-03-27
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Handley MA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fuster M;Santos MP;Dimond E;Huang TTK;Handley MA
在家里以外的地方吃食物与不良的饮食质量和不良的健康结果有关。需要研究在餐馆环境中做出更健康饮食选择的障碍和促进因素。我们操作的能力，机会和动机的行为模型（COM-B模型）进行行为诊断的健康饮食行为在拉丁美洲的餐馆（LARs），一个研究不足，但越来越重要的食品环境，有可能产生积极的影响饮食。我们对美国成年人进行了一项在线调查，这些成年人报告说，他们每月至少吃一次LARs的食物（n = 509），这些人是通过在线市场研究小组招募的，以检查他们的能力--身体（例如，技能）和心理（例如，知识）、机会-社会（例如，规范）和物理（例如，环境），和动机-反思（例如，自觉的意图）和自动的（例如，情绪）与LARs的健康选择相关。在一项关注LARs相关行为的调查中，每个COM-B领域的评分在1-5之间，评分≥ 4表示在LARs健康饮食的能力、机会和动机较高（总分的潜在范围= 6-35）。使用回归分析来检查COM-B评分（总分和各领域）与选定人口统计学特征（年龄、性别、种族、拉丁遗产、收入、教育、婚姻状况和拉丁多数居住状态）之间的关联。在LAR环境中，超过一半的参与者（57.1%）被归类为具有高体能，其次是心理能力（43.9%）。高动机或高机会的参与者比例较低，从37.3%（反思动机）到物理机会（15.6%）不等。总体平均COM-B总分为19.8 ± 3.0。较高的COM-B总分与较年轻、自我认同为白色、有拉丁血统和收入较高相关（p < 0.05）。本研究扩展了COM-B框架的应用，使用定量调查来评估LAR环境中健康饮食的能力，动机和机会水平，以及这些环境中健康饮食决定因素的初始人口统计学关联。这项工作可以帮助量身定制干预措施，并为LAR相关的健康饮食干预措施开发评估工具。
Eating foods away from home has been associated with poor diet quality and adverse health outcomes. Research is needed to examine barriers and facilitators to making healthier eating choices in restaurant settings. We operationalized the Capability, Opportunity, and Motivation for Behavior Model (COM-B Model) to conduct a behavioral diagnosis for healthy eating behaviors at Latin American restaurants (LARs), an understudied yet increasingly important food environment with the potential to positively influence diets. We conducted an online survey with adults in the United States that reported eating food from LARs at least once a month (n = 509) recruited via an online market research panel to examine capabilities – physical (e.g., skills) and psychological (e.g., knowledge), opportunities – social (e.g., norms) and physical (e.g., environmental), and motivations – reflective (e.g., self-conscious intentions) and automatic (e.g., emotions) associated with healthier choices at LARs. In a survey focused on LAR-associated behaviors, each COM-B domain was scored between 1–5, with scores ≥ 4 denoted as having high capability, opportunity, and motivation to eat healthfully at LARs (potential range of total score = 6–35). Regression analysis was used to examine the association between COM-B scores (total and by domain) and select demographic characteristics (age, gender, race, Latin heritage, income, education, marital status, and Latin majority state of residency). More than half of the participants (57.1%) were classified as having high physical capability, followed by psychological capability (43.9%) in the LAR environment. The proportions of participants with either high motivation or high opportunity were low, ranging from 37.3% (reflective motivation) to physical opportunity (15.6%). The overall mean COM-B total score was 19.8 ± 3.0. Higher total COM-B scores were associated with younger age, self-identifying as white, having Latin heritage, and having higher income (p < 0.05). This study expands the application of the COM-B framework using quantitative inquiry to evaluate levels of capability, motivation, and opportunity for healthy eating in LAR settings and initial demographic associations with determinants for healthy eating in these settings. This work can aid in tailoring interventions and developing evaluation tools for LAR-related healthy eating interventions.