MECHANISMS OF MOTILITY CHANGES DURING ACUTE INTESTINAL-OBSTRUCTION IN THE DOG
MECHANISMS OF MOTILITY CHANGES DURING ACUTE INTESTINAL-OBSTRUCTION IN THE DOG
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpgi.1984.247.1.g37
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发表时间：
1984-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
SUMMERS, RW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
PRIHODA, M;FLATT, A;SUMMERS, RW
研究了自主神经药物和肠内容物在急性梗阻时的运动改变中的作用。在9只有意识的狗的空肠中部，用7个电极记录下每隔3厘米的肌电活动。另一种动物的小肠中均匀地放置了电极。阻塞是由腔内气球膨胀造成的。监测全身动脉血压和脉搏率。最初，小肠的运动活动在急性肠梗阻近端增加，在远端减少。来自整个小肠的记录显示，这些影响几乎立即发生在梗阻区域，而不是在更远的部位。然而，在2-3小时内，近端运动性亢进扩展到十二指肠，远端抑制已进展到回肠末端。肠内容物无梗阻转移可降低引流部位远端肌电活动。然而，食糜回输远端部位阻塞未能恢复抑制的运动活动到控制水平。硫酸阿托品（50 .亩）G /kg)降低，新斯的明(5。g .cntdot。公斤.cntdot。Min-1增强了梗阻近端的过度活动，但两种药物均未显著影响远端抑制。酚妥拉明（1mg /kg）和心得安（1mg /kg）对梗阻时近端或远端运动活动无影响；这些剂量阻断了心血管对肾上腺素能激动剂的反应。肠管内容物和神经活动的变化都明显有助于肠道运动的变化，并伴有梗阻。梗阻近端运动活动增加似乎是由胆碱能神经介导的。一些远端抑制的尖峰爆发可能介导非胆碱能，非肾上腺素能途径和一些是减少腔内内容物的结果。
The effects of autonomic drugs and the role of intestinal contents on the motility changes that occur during acute obstruction were investigated. Myoelectric activity was recorded from 7 electrodes spaced at 3-cm intervals along the midjejunum of 9 conscious dogs. Another animal had electrodes evenly placed throughout the small bowel. Obstruction was created by inflation of an intraluminal balloon. Systemic arterial blood pressure and pulse rate were monitored. Initially, motor activity of the small intestine increased proximal to an acute intestinal obstruction and decreased distally. Recordings from the entire small intestine revealed that these effects occurred almost immediately in the region of the obstruction but not at more distant sites. Within 2-3 h, however, proximal hypermotility had extended to the duodenum and distal inhibition had progressed to the terminal ileum. Diversion of intestinal contents without obstruction reduced myoelectric activity distal to the site of drainage. However, reinfusion of chyme distal to the site obstruction failed to restore inhibited motor activity to control levels. Atropine sulfate (50 .mu.g/kg) decreased and neostigmine (5 .mu.g .cntdot. kg-1 .cntdot. min-1) potentiated the hyperactivity proximal to the obstruction, but neither agent significantly affected the distal inhibition. Phentolamine (1 mg/kg) and propranolol (1 mg/kg) had no effect on proximal or distal motor activity during obstruction; these were doses that blocked cardiovascular responses to adrenergic agonists. Changes in luminal contents and in nervous activity both apparently contribute to the intestinal motility changes that accompany obstruction. Increased motor activity proximal to an obstruction appears to be mediated by cholinergic nerves. Some of the distal inhibition of spike bursts may be mediated by noncholinergic, nonadrenergic pathways and some is the result of diminished intraluminal contents.