UWFDM-1254 Overview of University of Wisconsin Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Research
UWFDM-1254 Overview of University of Wisconsin Inertial-Electrostatic Confinement Fusion Research
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UWFDM-1254 威斯康星大学惯性静电约束聚变研究概述
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通讯作者：
A. L. Wehmeyer
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作者：
J. Santarius;G. Kulcinski;R. Ashley;D. R. Boris;B. Cipiti;S. Murali;G. Piefer;R. Radel;T. E. Uchytil;A. L. Wehmeyer
免责声明 本报告是由美国政府机构赞助的工作报告。美国政府及其任何机构或其任何雇员均不对所披露的任何信息、设备、产品或过程的准确性、完整性或有用性做出任何明示或暗示的保证，也不承担任何法律责任或责任，也不声明其使用不会侵犯私有权利。本文中通过商品名称、商标、制造商或其他方式引用任何特定商业产品、流程或服务并不一定构成或暗示美国政府或其任何机构的认可、推荐或支持。本文表达的作者的观点和意见并不一定代表或反映美国政府或其任何机构的观点和意见。在惯性静电约束 (IEC) 装置中，同心、几乎透明的球形网格之间的电压差将离子加速到与聚变相关的速度。威斯康星大学 (UW) 运营着两个 IEC 设备：一个圆柱形铝室和一个球形水冷不锈钢室，电源电压为 75 mA 和 200 kV。该研究计划旨在产生用于各种应用的聚变反应产物，包括用于制造核医学放射性同位素的质子和用于检测秘密材料的中子。全球大多数 IEC 设备（包括 UW 设备）目前主要在压力范围（1-10 mtorr）下运行，该压力范围允许离子在电荷交换并损失大量能量或与阴极栅极线碰撞之前仅穿过核心几次。据信，通过在中性气体不阻碍离子流的压力下操作可以提高聚变速率，并且已经开发了螺旋离子源来探索在~0.05 mtorr压力下的操作。威斯康星大学 IEC 研究小组使用质子探测器、中子探测器、残余气体分析仪和光谱诊断仪。新的诊断技术也已开发出来，包括用于定位质子产生的日食盘和使用功率平衡估计离子通量的弦线。
DISCLAIMER This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government, nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. In Inertial Electrostatic Confinement (IEC) devices, a voltage difference between concentric, nearly transparent spherical grids accelerates ions to fusion-relevant velocities. The University of Wisconsin (UW) operates two IEC devices: a cylindrical aluminum chamber and a spherical, water-cooled, stainless-steel chamber, with a power supply capable of 75 mA and 200 kV. The research program aims to generate fusion reaction products for various applications, including protons for creating radioisotopes for nuclear medicine and neutrons for detecting clandestine materials. Most IEC devices worldwide, including the UW devices, presently operate primarily in a pressure range (1-10 mtorr) that allows ions to make only a few passes through the core before they charge exchange and lose substantial energy or they collide with cathode grid wires. It is believed that fusion rates can be raised by operating at a pressure where neutral gas does not impede ion flow, and a helicon ion source has been developed to explore operation at pressures of ~0.05 mtorr. The UW IEC research group uses proton detectors, neutron detectors, residual gas analyzers, and spectroscopic diagnostics. New diagnostic techniques have also been developed, including eclipse disks to localize proton production and chordwires to estimate ion fluxes using power balance.