Sensitivity to Strain and Shear Stress of Isolated Mechanosensitive Enteric Neurons
Sensitivity to Strain and Shear Stress of Isolated Mechanosensitive Enteric Neurons
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.052
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发表时间：
2018-02-21
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Mazzuoli-Weber, Gemma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kugler, Eva Maria;Michel, Klaus;Mazzuoli-Weber, Gemma
在肠神经系统内，负责控制胃肠道运动的神经元位于两个收缩和放松的垂直肌肉层之间的特定位置。我们用原代培养的雄性豚鼠肠肌间神经元研究了肠神经元的机械敏感性。使用电压敏感染料技术的超快神经成像来记录响应于剪切应力和应变的神经元活动。通过使神经元旁边的弹性细胞培养基质局部变形来诱导应变。测量结果表明，底物应变主要是延长细胞。微通道中的流体动力作用产生剪切应力。两种刺激均引起兴奋性反应。应变激活了14%的刺激肌间神经元，其以1.9（0.7/3.2）Hz的尖峰频率响应，而剪切应力仅以0（0/0.6）Hz的极低尖峰频率激活了少数神经元（5.6%）。因此，剪切应力似乎不是机械敏感性肠神经元（MEN）的足够刺激，而应变激活肠神经元以相关的方式。分析MEN的适应行为发现，剪切应力激活快/慢/超低适应MEN（2/62/36%），而应变激活慢（46%）和超低适应MEN（54%）。应变和正常应力的配对实验揭示了三个机械敏感的肠神经元群体：一个应变敏感（37%），一个正常应力敏感（17%）和一个应变和应力敏感（46%）。这些结果表明，剪切应力不发挥作用的神经元控制的运动，但正常的应力和应变。(C)2018年IBRO。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Within the enteric nervous system, the neurons in charge to control motility of the gastrointestinal tract reside in a particular location nestled between two perpendicular muscle layers which contract and relax. We used primary cultured myenteric neurons of male guinea pigs to study mechanosensitivity of enteric neurons in isolation. Ultrafast Neuroimaging with a voltage-sensitive dye technique was used to record neuronal activity in response to shear stress and strain. Strain was induced by locally deforming the elastic cell culture substrate next to a neuron. Measurements showed that substrate strain was mostly elongating cells. Shear stress was exerted by hydrodynamic forces in a microchannel. Both stimuli induced excitatory responses. Strain activated 14% of the stimulated myenteric neurons that responded with a spike frequency of 1.9 (0.7/3.2) Hz, whereas shear stress excited only a few neurons (5.6%) with a very low spike frequency of 0 (0/0.6) Hz. Thus, shear stress does not seem to be an adequate stimulus for mechanosensitive enteric neurons (MEN) while strain activates enteric neurons in a relevant manner. Analyzing the adaptation behavior of MEN showed that shear stress activated rapidly/slowly/ultraslowly adapting MEN (2/62/36%) whereas strain only slowly (46%) and ultraslowly (54%) MEN. Paired experiments with strain and normal stress revealed three mechanosensitive enteric neuronal populations: one strain-sensitive (37%), one normal stress-sensitive (17%) and one strain-and stress-sensitive (46%). These results indicate that shear stress does not play a role in the neuronal control of motility but normal stress and strain. (C) 2018 IBRO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.