A Generalized Synthesis Strategy for Binderless, Free-Standing Anode for Lithium/Sodium Ion Battery Comprised of Metal Selenides@Carbon Nanofibers
A Generalized Synthesis Strategy for Binderless, Free-Standing Anode for Lithium/Sodium Ion Battery Comprised of Metal Selenides@Carbon Nanofibers
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DOI：
10.1021/acsaem.1c03277
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发表时间：
2021-12-16
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Fei, Ling
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Zizhou;Guo, Hui;Fei, Ling
对更轻、更小、更耐用的便携式设备的渴望促使研究人员探索下一代锂离子电池（LIB）和钠离子电池（SIB）的材料。金属硒化物是一种值得注意的材料家族，其表现出期望的导电性、稳定性和成本效益。此外，它们可以提供比商业石墨阳极更高的理论容量。在此，我们报告了一种通用的合成策略，以实现独立的金属硒化物和碳纳米纤维复合材料（MSe@CNFs）作为阳极的LIB和SIB通过使用简易静电纺丝。该复合材料具有嵌入在每个碳纤维中的活性纳米颗粒，并且碳纳米纤维彼此交错以形成3D网状结构。在LIBs体系中，研究了金属硒化物（MSe，M = Sn，Fe，Ni，Cu）嵌入碳纳米纤维的结构-性能-性能关系。一步法制备的自支撑阳极显示出高的比容量以及良好的倍率性能和循环稳定性。良好的性能归因于源自N-掺杂的碳纳米管网络的高电子电导率、通过纤维间空隙的快速电解质渗透以及通过纳米颗粒的碳封装实现的体积变化的调节。此外，不存在粘合剂、添加剂碳和集电器不仅降低了阳极的重量，而且消除了浆料涂覆方法的不可控结构形成。事后分析进一步证实了这些合理设计的复合材料的强大的结构稳定性。当应用扩展到SIB时，复合材料也显示出巨大的潜力。简而言之，独立的MSe@CNFs复合材料显示出对下一代柔性和轻质电池的巨大希望，这些电池对各种新兴应用至关重要。
The craving for lighter, smaller, and longer-lasting portable devices has driven researchers to explore next-generation materials for both lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Metal selenides are a notable material family that exhibits desirable conductivity, stability, and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, they can provide higher theoretical capacities than that of a commercial graphite anode. Herein, we report a generalized synthesis strategy to achieve free-standing metal selenides and carbon nanofibers composites (MSe@CNFs) as anodes for LIBs and SIBs by using facile electrospinning. The composites have active nanoparticles embedded in each carbon nanofiber, and the carbon nanofibers intertwine with each other to form a 3D nanofiber network. The structure-property-performance relationship of metal selenides (MSe, M = Sn, Fe, Ni, Cu) embedded in CNFs were thoroughly investigated in the LIBs system. The one-step prepared free-standing anodes show a high specific capacity as well as good rate capability and cycle stability. The good performance is ascribed to the high electron conductivity originating from the N-doped carbon nanofiber network, fast electrolyte penetration through interfiber voids, and accommodation of volume change enabled by the carbon encapsulation of nanoparticles. Additionally, the absence of the binder, additive carbon, and current collector not only reduces the weight of the anode but also eliminates the uncontrollable structure formation from the slurry coating method. Postmortem analysis further confirms the robust structural stability of these rationally designed composites. When the application is extended to SIBs, the composites also demonstrate great potential. In short, free-standing MSe@CNFs composites show great promise for the next generation of flexible and lightweight batteries that are crucial for various emerging applications.