Patterns of mammalian evolution across the Cretaceous‐Tertiary boundary
Patterns of mammalian evolution across the Cretaceous‐Tertiary boundary
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/mmnz.20010770204
复制
发表时间：
2001
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
W. Clemens
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
W. Clemens
现有的哺乳动物进化的化石记录跨越白垩纪-第三纪（K-T）的边界是高度偏见的详细采样的结果晚白垩世和古新世当地动物群在现在的北美大陆西部内陆的地理。在这个地区，当时是沿海的低地，标志着K-T边界的大规模灭绝导致了许多哺乳动物谱系的灭绝。对构成北美古新世早期动物群的哺乳动物的系统发育关系的分析表明，在K-T界线之后，分类多样性的恢复是两个过程的产物：1）一些当地幸存种群的进化辐射和2）哺乳动物从其他尚未取样的地区移民。有限的证据表明，在白垩纪晚期，这些最早的古新世动物群的主要群体已经开始分散。在其他大陆也发现了一些晚白垩世或古新世早期的哺乳动物群，但没有一个能提供完整的哺乳动物演化化石记录。尽管存在这些局限性，但对现有全球化石记录的分析显示，从白垩纪到第三纪的过渡时期，哺乳动物区系的地理区域性很强，它们的灭绝模式和分类多样性的恢复也有一些相似之处。
The available fossil record of mammalian evolution across the Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) boundary is highly biased biogeographically by the results of detailed sampling of Late Cretaceous and Paleocene local faunas in what is now the Western Interior of the North American continent. In this area, which was then a coastal lowland, the mass extinction marking the K-T boundary resulted in extinction of many mammalian lineages. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationships of the mammals comprising North American early Paleocene faunas demonstrates that recovery of taxonomic diversity after the K-T boundary was the product of two processes: 1) evolutionary radiation of some locally surviving stocks and 2) immigration of mammals from other, as yet unsampled areas. Limited evidence suggests that dispersal of the groups that dominate these earliest Paleocene faunas had begun in the latest Cretaceous. Some mammalian local faunas of Late Cretaceous or early Paleocene age are known from other continents, but none of these provide as complete a fossil record of mammalian evolution during this interval. In spite of these limitations, analysis of the available, global fossil record reveals significant biogeographic provinciality of mammalian faunas and some similarities in their patterns of extinction and recovery of taxonomic diversity during the transition from the Cretaceous into the Tertiary.