Is it getting better? An analytical method to test trends in health disparities, with tobacco use among sexual minority vs. heterosexual youth as an example.
Is it getting better? An analytical method to test trends in health disparities, with tobacco use among sexual minority vs. heterosexual youth as an example.
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越来越好吗？一种分析方法，用于测试健康差异趋势，以性少数民族与异性恋青年的烟草使用为例。
DOI：
10.1186/s12939-016-0371-3
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发表时间：
2016-05-23
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Zumbo BD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Homma Y;Saewyc E;Zumbo BD
先前的研究已经证明，与异性恋青少年相比，女同性恋、男同性恋和双性恋青少年的健康风险更高。然而，没有人报告基于性取向的差距是否随着时间的推移而扩大、缩小或保持不变。本研究的目的是开发一种方法，以吸烟为例，在基于人群的研究中测试性少数群体和异性恋青年群体之间的趋势差异。我们分析了 1998 年至 2010 年的明尼苏达州学生调查，这是一项针对 9 年级和 12 年级青少年健康状况的重复横断面普查。我们的样本是近期有性经历的学生 (Ns = 17,376–19,617)。性取向是根据过去 12 个月内性伴侣的性别来衡量的：仅拥有异性伴侣的学生 (OPPOS)、同时拥有男性和女性伴侣的学生 (BOTH)、仅拥有同性伴侣的学生 (SAME)。我们使用逻辑回归来研究 1998 年至 2010 年过去一个月吸烟流行率的趋势，分别针对每个定向组。然后，我们应用新颖的交互分析来测试 OPPOS 和 SAME/BOTH 之间吸烟率的差异是否随着时间的推移而变化。所有定向群体的近期吸烟率随着时间的推移而下降。两个青少年都比 OPPOS 青少年更有可能报告过去 30 天吸烟，但 SAME 青少年和 OPPOS 青少年之间没有显着差异。逐年定向互动表明，1998 年至 2004 年，TH 青少年和 OPPOS 青少年之间的差距扩大，然后在 2004 年至 2010 年期间持续存在。SAME 青少年和 OPPOS 青少年之间没有观察到显着的互动效应。所有定向群体近期吸烟量均呈下降趋势；然而，异性恋青少年和双性恋青少年的吸烟率仍然存在差异。这些结果提供了一种新方法，不仅可以记录少数群体内的趋势，还可以检查与主导群体相比，他们的健康公平性是否有所改善。
Previous studies have documented higher health risks for lesbian, gay, and bisexual youth compared to heterosexual youth. However, none has reported whether the sexual orientation-based gaps have widened, narrowed, or remained unchanged over time. The purpose of this study was to develop a way to test differences in trends between sexual minority and heterosexual youth cohorts in population-based studies, with cigarette smoking as an exemplar. We analysed the Minnesota Student Survey of 1998–2010, a repeated, cross-sectional census of adolescent health in grades 9 and 12. Our sample was students with recent sexual experience (Ns = 17,376–19,617). Sexual orientation was measured by gender of sexual partners in the past 12 months: students with only opposite-gender partner(s) (OPPOS), students with both male and female partners (BOTH), students with only same-gender partner(s) (SAME). We used logistic regressions to examine trends in prevalence of past-month cigarette smoking from 1998 to 2010, separately for each orientation group. We then applied novel interaction analyses to test whether disparities in smoking prevalence between OPPOS and SAME/BOTH changed over time. Recent smoking rates decreased over time among all orientation groups. BOTH adolescents were more likely than OPPOS adolescents to report past 30-day smoking, but there were no significant differences between SAME adolescents and OPPOS adolescents. Year-by-orientation interactions indicated the gap between BOTH adolescents and OPPOS adolescents widened from 1998 to 2004, then persisted between 2004 and 2010. No significant interaction effects were observed between SAME adolescents and OPPOS adolescents. All orientation groups had decreasing trends in recent cigarette smoking; however, disparities in smoking rates remain between heterosexual adolescents and bisexual adolescents. These results provide a new method of not just documenting trends within minority groups, but examining whether health equity is improving for them compared to dominant groups.