Effects of race and marginally elevated blood pressure on responses to stress.
Effects of race and marginally elevated blood pressure on responses to stress.
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种族和血压略微升高对压力反应的影响。
DOI：
10.1161/01.hyp.10.6.555
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发表时间：
1987
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Strogatz,DS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Light,KC;Obrist,PA;Sherwood,A;James,SA;Strogatz,DS
对228名年龄在18-22岁的男性(109名黑人和119名白人)进行了心率(HR)、收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)在几种应激源条件下和任务后30分钟休息时间的监测。应激源包括冷加压试验和三种反应时间任务：非竞争性、竞争性和竞争性加金钱激励。受试者内部的血压和心率有很大的差异，从119/70到148/94毫米汞柱，平均从63到91次/分钟。在最初的随意测定中，SBP边缘升高的男性(25名黑人和39名白人)在所有情况下都比临时SBP水平正常的男性有更高的SBP，他们在应激源和最初的随意测定期间的心率、SBP和DBP也显示出比基线水平更高的升高。黑人和白人受试者在基线或最初的随意测定中的血压没有差异，尽管黑人的心率略低。在应激源期间，黑人确实比白人表现出比基线水平更高的SBP升高，主要是因为SBP略有升高的黑人比SBP略高的白人表现出更大的应激诱导上升。在边缘血压升高的黑人中，这种对应激的升压反应增强可能是由于交感神经活动增强时血管阻力增加所致，并可能导致黑人高血压发病率较高。
A total of 228 men, aged 18 to 22 years (109 black and 119 white), underwent monitoring of heart rate (HR) and systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) responses during several stressor conditions and a 30-minute posttask rest period. Stressors included the cold pressor test and three reaction-time tasks: noncompetitive, competitive, and competitive plus money incentive. Substantial within-subject variations in blood pressure and heart rate were induced, varying from 119/70 to 148/94 mm Hg and from 63 to 91 beats/min on the average. Men (25 black and 39 white) with marginal SBP elevations during initial casual determinations had higher SBP under all conditions compared with men whose casual SBP levels were normal, and they also showed greater elevations over baseline levels in heart rate, SBP, and DBP during the stressors and the initial casual determination. Black and white subjects did not differ in their blood pressures at baseline or during the initial casual determinations, although blacks had slightly lower heart rates. Blacks did show greater SBP elevations over baseline levels than whites during the stressors, primarily because the blacks with marginally elevated SBP showed substantially greater stress-induced increases than whites with marginally elevated SBP. This enhanced pressor response to stress in blacks with marginal blood pressure elevations may be due to higher vascular resistance during enhanced sympathetic activity and could contribute to the higher incidence of hypertension among blacks.