Transplantation tolerance: from theory to clinic.

Transplantation tolerance: from theory to clinic.
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DOI:
10.1111/imr.12154
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发表时间:
2014-03
影响因子:
8.7
通讯作者:
Fuchs EJ
Fuchs EJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fuchs EJ

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耐受性诱导和同种异体反应性可分别应用于实体器官移植的临床和人类癌症的治疗。造血嵌合体,即宿主和供者血细胞的稳定共存,保证了来自同一捐赠者的实体器官将被耐受,而不需要维持免疫抑制,它也是使用捐赠者淋巴细胞输注进行恶性血液病过继免疫治疗的平台。本文综述了诱导造血嵌合体和移植耐受的临床相关方法,特别是低强度移植条件和移植后大剂量环磷酰胺预防移植物排斥反应和移植物抗宿主病(GVHD)。降低强度的移植方案允许供者和宿主免疫系统之间的短暂合作,在不产生移植物抗宿主病的情况下根除恶性肿瘤。它们良好的毒性特征也使异基因干细胞移植能够应用于治疗非恶性造血疾病,并诱导实体器官移植的耐受性。
Tolerance induction and alloreactivity can be applied to the clinic for the transplantation of solid organs and in the treatment of human cancers respectively. Hematopoietic chimerism, the stable coexistence of host and donor blood cells, guarantees that a solid organ from the same donor will be tolerated without a requirement for maintenance immunosuppression, and it also serves as a platform for the adoptive immunotherapy of hematologic malignancies using donor lymphocyte infusions. This review focuses on clinically relevant methods for inducing hematopoietic chimerism and transplantation tolerance, with a special emphasis on reduced intensity transplantation conditioning and high dose, post-transplantation cyclophosphamide to prevent graft rejection and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Reduced intensity transplantation regimens permit a transient cooperation between donor and host immune systems to eradicate malignancy without producing GVHD. Their favorable toxicity profile also enables the application of allogeneic stem cell transplantation to treat non-malignant disorders of hematopoiesis and to induce tolerance for solid organ transplantation.
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