Dispersed male networks in western gorillas
Dispersed male networks in western gorillas
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2004.02.062
复制
发表时间：
2004-03-23
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Vigilant, L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradley, BJ;Doran-Sheehy, DM;Vigilant, L
虽然亲属选择理论已被广泛用于解释个体倾向于偏向生活在同一社会群体中的亲属的有益行为[1]，但较少关注群体之间的亲属偏见互动。对于雌性迁徙的动物社会，如山地大猩猩（Gorilla beringei beringei），不同群体中雄性之间的遭遇往往涉及侵略性的表现，可能升级为身体暴力和致命伤害[2，3]。然而，最近对很少研究的西部大猩猩（Gorilla gorilla）的研究结果表明，社会群体之间的互动比山地大猩猩更频繁，而且通常[4，5]，尽管不总是[5，6]，令人惊讶的是没有攻击性。我们调查了不同群体个体之间的遗传关系模式，发现证据表明西部大猩猩存在以前未被认识到的“分散雄性网络”社会结构，其中领导社会群体的单身雄性通常与一个或多个附近的雄性有联系。我们建议，这提供了一个基础，组外，亲属偏见的行为，并可能解释报告的和平组间互动。此外，这些结果表明，父系社会结构，其中男性留在他们的纳塔尔地区，并可能受益于亲属协会，是一个功能统一非洲猿和人类。
Although kin-selection theory has been widely used to explain the tendency of individuals to bias beneficial behaviors towards relatives living within the same social group [1], less attention has focused on kin-biased interactions between groups. For animal societies in which females emigrate, as is the case for mountain gorillas (Gorilla beringei beringei), encounters between males in different groups often involve aggressive displays that can escalate to physical violence and fatal injuries [2, 3]. However, recent findings on the little-studied western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla) indicate that interactions between social groups occur more frequently than they do in mountain gorillas and are often [4, 5], although not always [5, 6], surprisingly nonaggressive. We investigated the pattern of genetic relationships between individuals of different groups and found evidence suggesting a previously unrecognized "dispersed male network" social structure in western gorillas in which the single males leading social groups were usually related to one or more nearby males. We propose that this provides a basis for extra-group, kin-biased behaviors and may explain the reported peaceful intergroup interactions. Furthermore, these results suggest that a patrilocal social structure, in which males remain in their natal region and potentially benefit from kin associations, is a feature unifying African apes and humans.