MRE11-dependent instability in mitochondrial DNA fork protection activates a cGAS immune signaling pathway.

MRE11-dependent instability in mitochondrial DNA fork protection activates a cGAS immune signaling pathway.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abf9441
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发表时间:
2021-12-17
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Schlacher K
Schlacher K
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Luzwick JW;Dombi E;Boisvert RA;Roy S;Park S;Kunnimalaiyaan S;Goffart S;Schindler D;Schlacher K

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MRE11 激活具有 BRCA/FANC 基因缺陷的细胞中线粒体 DNA 依赖性 cGAS 免疫信号。线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 不稳定性通过未知机制激活 cGAS 依赖性先天免疫信号。在这里,我们发现范可尼贫血抑制基因在线粒体中发挥作用,保护 mtDNA 复制叉免受不稳定的影响。具体来说,范可尼贫血患者细胞通过 MRE11 核酸酶降解表现出新生线粒体 DNA 的损失。 DNA复制叉稳定性需要FANCD2-FANCI单泛素化和上游FANC核心复合体基因激活途径,而线粒体复制叉保护则不需要,这揭示了线粒体和核基因组稳定性途径之间的机制和遗传分离。降解的 mtDNA 导致 cGAS 依赖性免疫信号过度激活,类似于未磷酸化的 ISG3 反应。 MRE11 的化学抑制会抑制这种先天免疫信号传导,从而将 MRE11 识别为负责激活 mtDNA 依赖性 cGAS/STING 反应的核酸酶。集体结果建立了一条以前未知的 mtDNA 复制稳定性分子途径,并揭示了通过抑制 MRE11 核酸酶来控制 mtDNA 依赖性 cGAS 激活的分子手柄。
MRE11 activates mitochondrial DNA–dependent cGAS immune signaling in cells with BRCA/FANC gene defects. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) instability activates cGAS-dependent innate immune signaling by unknown mechanisms. Here, we find that Fanconi anemia suppressor genes are acting in the mitochondria to protect mtDNA replication forks from instability. Specifically, Fanconi anemia patient cells show a loss of nascent mtDNA through MRE11 nuclease degradation. In contrast to DNA replication fork stability, which requires pathway activation by FANCD2-FANCI monoubiquitination and upstream FANC core complex genes, mitochondrial replication fork protection does not, revealing a mechanistic and genetic separation between mitochondrial and nuclear genome stability pathways. The degraded mtDNA causes hyperactivation of cGAS-dependent immune signaling resembling the unphosphorylated ISG3 response. Chemical inhibition of MRE11 suppresses this innate immune signaling, identifying MRE11 as a nuclease responsible for activating the mtDNA-dependent cGAS/STING response. Collective results establish a previously unknown molecular pathway for mtDNA replication stability and reveal a molecular handle to control mtDNA-dependent cGAS activation by inhibiting MRE11 nuclease.
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