The Impact of Radiation Therapy on Innate and Adaptive Tumor Immunity
The Impact of Radiation Therapy on Innate and Adaptive Tumor Immunity
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semradonc.2019.12.005
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Formenti, Silvia C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brandmaier, Andrew;Formenti, Silvia C.
随着放射治疗对肿瘤的生物学效应越来越明确，放射治疗对癌症的作用也在不断发展。传统上，放射生物学基于辐射对肿瘤细胞的直接杀细胞作用来建立剂量-反应曲线模型。然而，辐射对肿瘤微环境和患者的先天性和适应性免疫系统的影响正在出现一个更动态的画面。辐射产生损伤相关的分子模式，激活先天免疫受体，导致下游信号级联。这些信号改变肿瘤浸润免疫群体，调节免疫细胞活化状态，并增强抗原呈递。这些变化有助于产生抗肿瘤T细胞的适应性免疫反应。结合放射和免疫检查点抑制剂的临床试验的早期发现显示了两种方式之间有希望的协同作用。随着正在进行的试验中越来越多的数据成熟，临床医生可以改进新的策略，将放射与免疫疗法结合使用，以改善临床结果。(C)2019由Elsevier Inc.出版
The role of radiation therapy for cancer is evolving as its biologic effects on tumors becomes more clearly defined. Traditionally, radiobiology models dose-response curves based on direct cytocidal effects of radiation on tumor cells. However, a more dynamic picture is emerging of the impact of radiation on the tumor microenvironment and the patient's innate and adaptive immune system. Radiation produces damage associated molecular patterns that activate innate immune receptors leading to a cascade of downstream signals. These signals alter the tumor infiltrating immune population, modulate immune cell activation status, and enhance antigen presentation. The changes are conducive to an adaptive immune response with the generation of antitumor T cells. Early findings from clinical trials incorporating radiation and immune checkpoint inhibitors show promising synergy between the 2 modalities. As more data matures from ongoing trials, clinicians can refine new strategies for using radiation together with immunotherapy to achieve improved clinical outcomes. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.