Workable male sterility systems for hybrid rice: Genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and utilization.
Workable male sterility systems for hybrid rice: Genetics, biochemistry, molecular biology, and utilization.
复制标题
杂种大米可行的男性不育系统：遗传学，生物化学，分子生物学和利用率。
DOI：
10.1186/s12284-014-0013-6
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发表时间：
2014-12
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Shu QY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang JZ;E ZG;Zhang HL;Shu QY
雄性不育系统的开发使水稻杂种优势商品化，大大提高了这一主要粮食作物的产量和总产量。20世纪70年代开始采用的杂交水稻，目前仅在中国每年就覆盖近1360万公顷。各种类型的细胞质雄性不育（CMS）和环境条件基因雄性不育（EGMS）系统已在杂交水稻生产中得到应用。本文综述了近年来在遗传学、生物化学和分子生物学方面的研究进展，重点介绍了水稻主要的雄性不育系统：BT-、HL-、WA-、LD-和CW- 5种CMS系统，以及光周期和温敏雄性不育（P/TGMS） 2种EGMS系统。嵌合线粒体基因与核基因相互作用导致CMS，可通过育性恢复基因（Rf）修复。另一方面，PGMS是由非编码RNA基因控制的。对过去30年用于杂交水稻生产的各种CMS和EGMS品系的调查表明，利用EGMS品系的两系系统正在发挥越来越大的作用，TGMS品系在目前杂交水稻生产的两系系统中占主导地位。在水稻雄性不育的开发应用和研究过程中所取得的发现和经验不仅提高了我们的认识，而且对其他作物的应用也有借鉴意义。本文的在线版本（doi:10.1186/s12284-014-0013-6）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The exploitation of male sterility systems has enabled the commercialization of heterosis in rice, with greatly increased yield and total production of this major staple food crop. Hybrid rice, which was adopted in the 1970s, now covers nearly 13.6 million hectares each year in China alone. Various types of cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) and environment-conditioned genic male sterility (EGMS) systems have been applied in hybrid rice production. In this paper, recent advances in genetics, biochemistry, and molecular biology are reviewed with an emphasis on major male sterility systems in rice: five CMS systems, i.e., BT-, HL-, WA-, LD- and CW- CMS, and two EGMS systems, i.e., photoperiod- and temperature-sensitive genic male sterility (P/TGMS). The interaction of chimeric mitochondrial genes with nuclear genes causes CMS, which may be restored by restorer of fertility (Rf) genes. The PGMS, on the other hand, is conditioned by a non-coding RNA gene. A survey of the various CMS and EGMS lines used in hybrid rice production over the past three decades shows that the two-line system utilizing EGMS lines is playing a steadily larger role and TGMS lines predominate the current two-line system for hybrid rice production. The findings and experience gained during development and application of, and research on male sterility in rice not only advanced our understanding but also shed light on applications to other crops. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12284-014-0013-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.