The intersection of cancer, cancer stem cells, and the immune system: therapeutic opportunities
The intersection of cancer, cancer stem cells, and the immune system: therapeutic opportunities
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DOI：
10.1093/neuonc/nov157
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发表时间：
2016-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
15.9
通讯作者：
Lathia, Justin D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silver, Daniel J.;Sinyuk, Maksim;Lathia, Justin D.
在脑肿瘤形成期间，恶性细胞使免疫系统屈服，以提供有利于肿瘤生长的环境。这些机制利用各种免疫细胞类型的肿瘤促进功能，通常导致肿瘤免疫排斥的抑制。免疫治疗正在努力破坏这些机制，并使免疫系统对抗正在发展的肿瘤。虽然这些疗法中的许多已经处于早期临床试验阶段，但了解这些疗法如何影响各种肿瘤细胞群，包括自我更新的癌症干细胞，可能有助于预测其疗效并阐明其作用机制。此外，询问神经胶质瘤细胞、癌症干细胞和免疫细胞相互作用的生物学可以提供额外的治疗靶点以对抗疾病进展。在这篇综述中，我们开始强调了一系列的调查免疫细胞介导的肿瘤促进不解析成干和非干成分的肿瘤。然后，我们仔细研究了癌症干细胞与免疫系统相互作用产生的免疫抑制机制，并以胶质母细胞瘤免疫治疗和癌症干细胞导向临床试验的最新进展结束。
During brain neoplasia, malignant cells subjugate the immune system to provide an environment that favors tumor growth. These mechanisms capitalize on tumor-promoting functions of various immune cell types and typically result in suppression of tumor immune rejection. Immunotherapy efforts are underway to disrupt these mechanisms and turn the immune system against developing tumors. While many of these therapies are already in early-stage clinical trials, understanding how these therapies impact various tumor cell populations, including self-renewing cancer stem cells, may help to predict their efficacy and clarify their mechanisms of action. Moreover, interrogating the biology of glioma cell, cancer stem cell, and immune cell interactions may provide additional therapeutic targets to leverage against disease progression. In this review, we begin by highlighting a series of investigations into immune cell-mediated tumor promotion that do not parse the tumor into stem and non-stem components. We then take a closer look at the immune-suppressive mechanisms derived specifically from cancer stem cell interactions with the immune system and end with an update on immunotherapy and cancer stem cell-directed clinical trials in glioblastoma.