Selenium and thyroid
Selenium and thyroid
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beem.2009.08.002
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
Gaertner, Roland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koehrle, Josef;Gaertner, Roland
必需微量元素硒（Se）供应不足与易患或表现为。各种人类疾病，如克山病、大骨节病、癌症、免疫功能受损、神经退行性疾病和与年龄有关的疾病以及甲状腺激素轴紊乱。硒缺乏结合碘不足有助于混合性水肿克汀病的发病机制。最近鉴定出各种不同的含硒半胱氨酸的蛋白质，由25个人类基因编码，为这种微量元素的有益和可能的不利影响提供了分子和生化基础信息。甲状腺是人体组织中每质量单位硒含量最高的组织之一，与其他内分泌器官和大脑相似。如谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和硫氧还蛋白还原酶（TxnRd）家族，参与保护甲状腺免受卵泡产生的过量过氧化氢和活性氧的影响，以生物合成甲状腺激素。此外，三种关键酶参与甲状腺激素的激活和失活。碘甲状腺原氨酸脱碘酶（dio1,2,3）是具有发育、细胞和病理相关表达模式的硒蛋白。除了长期肠外营养和某些损害硒化合物胃肠道吸收的疾病外，营养硒供应通常足以满足功能性Dio酶的充分表达。在（病理）生理条件下，保护甲状腺的营养硒供应和一些更丰富的GPx和TrxR家族硒蛋白的合成可能限制了它们的正常表达(C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd。版权所有。
Inadequate supply of the essential trace element selenium (Se) has been associated with predisposition for, or manifestation of. various human diseases such as Keshan and Kashin-Beck disease, cancer, impaired immune function, neurodegenerative and age-related disorders and disturbances of the thyroid hormone axis. Se deficiency in combination with inadequate iodine contributes to the pathogenesis of myxedematous cretinism. rile recent identification Of various distinct selenocysteine-containing proteins, encoded by 25 human genes, provides information oil the molecular and biochemical basis of beneficial and possible adverse effects of this trace element The thyroid gland is among the human tissues with the highest Se content per mass unit similar to other endocrine organs and the brain Selenoproteins involved in cellular antioxidative defence systems and redox Control, Such as the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and the thioredoxin reductase (TxnRd) family, are involved in protection of the thyroid gland from excess hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species produced by the follicles for biosynthesis of thyroid hormones In addition, the three key enzymes involved in activation and inactivation of thyroid hormones. the iodothyronine deiodinases (DIO1,2,3), are selenoproteins with development, cell- and pathology-related expression patterns While nutritional Se supply is normally sufficient for adequate expression of functional Dio enzymes with exception of long-term parenteral nutrition and certain diseases impairing gastrointestinal absorption of Se compounds. the nutritional Se Supply for the protection of the thyroid gland and synthesis of some more abundant selenoproteins of the GPx and the TrxR family might be limiting their proper expression Under (patho-)physiological conditions (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.