Making better maize plants for sustainable grain production in a changing climate.
Making better maize plants for sustainable grain production in a changing climate.
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培育更好的玉米植株，在气候变化的情况下实现可持续粮食生产
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2015.00835
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Wang W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gong F;Wu X;Zhang H;Chen Y;Wang W
由于气候变化和全球人口增加，以有限的可耕地实现粮食供应安全是21世纪世纪的一项重大挑战。玉米在全球粮食生产中发挥着越来越重要的作用。玉米作为C4植物，具有很高的产量潜力。据预测，到2020年，玉米将成为世界上第一大谷物。然而，许多国家的玉米生产已趋于稳定，杂交技术和生产技术已得到充分利用。因此，迫切需要塑造玉米性状和结构，以在不断变化的气候中提高胁迫耐受性和产量。最近在基因组学、蛋白质组学和代谢组学方面的成就为生产更好的玉米提供了前所未有的机会。在本文中，我们讨论了当前玉米生产的挑战和潜力，特别是在中国。我们还强调了提高玉米耐旱和耐热性的必要性，总结了优良的茎和根性状和表型，并提出了在气候变化中可持续玉米生产的理想模式。这将通过传统育种计划与分子技术相结合来促进有针对性的玉米改良。
Achieving grain supply security with limited arable land is a major challenge in the twenty-first century, owing to the changing climate and increasing global population. Maize plays an increasingly vital role in global grain production. As a C4 plant, maize has a high yield potential. Maize is predicted to become the number one cereal in the world by 2020. However, maize production has plateaued in many countries, and hybrid and production technologies have been fully exploited. Thus, there is an urgent need to shape maize traits and architectures for increased stress tolerance and higher yield in a changing climate. Recent achievements in genomics, proteomics, and metabolomics have provided an unprecedented opportunity to make better maize. In this paper, we discuss the current challenges and potential of maize production, particularly in China. We also highlight the need for enhancing maize tolerance to drought and heat waves, summarize the elite shoot and root traits and phenotypes, and propose an ideotype for sustainable maize production in a changing climate. This will facilitate targeted maize improvement through a conventional breeding program combined with molecular techniques.