Demographic and hormonal evidence for menopause in wild chimpanzees.
Demographic and hormonal evidence for menopause in wild chimpanzees.
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野生黑猩猩绝经的人口统计学和荷尔蒙证据。
DOI：
10.1126/science.add5473
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发表时间：
2023
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Langergraber,KevinE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Wood,BrianM;Negrey,JacobD;Brown,JanineL;Deschner,Tobias;Thompson,MelissaEmery;Gunter,Sholly;Mitani,JohnC;Watts,DavidP;Langergraber,KevinE
在哺乳动物中，目前仅记录了人类和少数齿鲸物种的繁殖后寿命。在这里，我们展示了乌干达基巴莱国家公园 Ngogo 社区的野生黑猩猩存在生殖后寿命。生殖后代表性为 0.195，表明成年女性的预期寿命约为成年后五分之一的时间处于生殖后状态，大约是人类狩猎采集者寿命的一半。生殖后雌性表现出更年期的荷尔蒙特征，包括 50 岁后促性腺激素急剧增加。我们讨论了野生黑猩猩的生殖后寿命是否很少发生，是对有利生态条件的短期反应，还是一种进化的物种典型特征，以及这些替代方案对我们理解生殖后寿命进化的影响。
Among mammals, post-reproductive life spans are currently documented only in humans and a few species of toothed whales. Here we show that a post-reproductive life span exists among wild chimpanzees in the Ngogo community of Kibale National Park, Uganda. Post-reproductive representation was 0.195, indicating that a female who reached adulthood could expect to live about one-fifth of her adult life in a post-reproductive state, around half as long as human hunter-gatherers. Post-reproductive females exhibited hormonal signatures of menopause, including sharply increasing gonadotropins after age 50. We discuss whether post-reproductive life spans in wild chimpanzees occur only rarely, as a short-term response to favorable ecological conditions, or instead are an evolved species-typical trait as well as the implications of these alternatives for our understanding of the evolution of post-reproductive life spans.