Recent warming leads to a rapid borealization of fish communities in the Arctic
Recent warming leads to a rapid borealization of fish communities in the Arctic
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate2647
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Dolgov, Andrey V.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fossheim, Maria;Primicerio, Raul;Dolgov, Andrey V.
北极海洋生态系统的变暖速度是全球平均速度的两倍(1)。由于气候变暖，许多外来物种在北极的丰度增加，分布范围扩大(2)。在入侵物种和局部灭绝物种方面，北极预计会有最大的物种更替，其模拟入侵强度是全球平均水平的五倍(3)。因此，对该地区的研究可能会对气候变暖导致的物种群落范围内的变化提供有价值的见解。我们发现，巴伦支海最近的变暖(4)导致了鱼类群落空间分布的变化，北方群落以反映当地气候速度的速度向北扩展(5)。大型洄游鱼类捕食者的丰度和分布区域的增加解释了观察到的整个社区分布变化。这些变化改变了北极鱼类所经历的生态相互作用。北极陆架鱼类群落向北缩回到与深极地盆地接壤的更深地区。深度可能会限制北极大陆架群落中一些鱼类的进一步收缩。我们得出的结论是，气候变暖正在高纬度地区引起大空间尺度的结构变化，导致北极鱼类群落的减少。
Arctic marine ecosystems are warming twice as fast as the global average(1). As a consequence of warming, many incoming species experience increasing abundances and expanding distribution ranges in the Arctic(2). The Arctic is expected to have the largest species turnover with regard to invading and locally extinct species, with a modelled invasion intensity of five times the global average(3). Studies in this region might therefore give valuable insights into community-wide shifts of species driven by climate warming. We found that the recent warming in the Barents Sea(4) has led to a change in spatial distribution of fish communities, with boreal communities expanding northwards at a pace reflecting the local climate velocities(5). Increased abundance and distribution areas of large, migratory fish predators explain the observed community-wide distributional shifts. These shifts change the ecological interactions experienced by Arctic fish species. The Arctic shelf fish community retracted northwards to deeper areas bordering the deep polar basin. Depth might limit further retraction of some of the fish species in the Arctic shelf community. We conclude that climate warming is inducing structural change over large spatial scales at high latitudes, leading to a borealization of fish communities in the Arctic.