A survey study to characterize use of Spice products (synthetic cannabinoids).
A survey study to characterize use of Spice products (synthetic cannabinoids).
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DOI：
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.011
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Girling ER
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Vandrey R;Dunn KE;Fry JA;Girling ER
合成大麻素是一种迅速出现的滥用药物。合成大麻素通常以“草药混合物”或“熏香”的形式出售，通常被称为香料产品。没有对Spice产品或其通常含有的合成大麻素的影响进行过对照人体实验。一项基于互联网的调查研究是对成年人进行的，他们报告至少有一次终生使用Spice产品。受访者主要是男性、白人和≥12年的教育。使用其他精神药物也很常见，但21%的人认为香料产品是他们的首选药物。香料产品最常从零售商处获得，并被烟熏，尽管其他形式的摄入也得到了认可。首次使用的平均年龄为26岁，过去一年的平均使用频率为67天（范围0-365）。使用的主要原因是好奇心，积极的药物效果，放松，并获得高没有积极的药物测试。急性主观影响与大麻的已知影响相似，一部分使用者符合DSM滥用和依赖Spice产品的标准。与其他药物滥用的典型情况一样，参与者表现出不同的使用模式。有证据表明，在被地方当局禁止后，使用者继续寻求和使用这些药物。由于方法学的局限性，应谨慎解释本研究。需要进行受控的实验室研究，以进一步研究Spice产品中发现的单个合成大麻素的行为药理学。
Synthetic cannabinoids are a rapidly emerging class of abused drugs. Synthetic cannabinoids are typically sold as “herbal blends” or “incense,” commonly referred to as Spice products. No controlled human experiments have been conducted on the effects of Spice products or the synthetic cannabinoids they often contain. An internet-based survey study was conducted with adults reporting at least one lifetime use of a Spice product. Respondents were primarily male, Caucasian and ≥12 yrs of education. Use of other psychoactive drugs was common, though 21% identified Spice products as their preferred drug. Spice products were most frequently obtained from retail vendors and smoked, though other forms of ingestion were endorsed. Mean age of first use was 26 and mean frequency of use in the past year was 67 days (range 0–365). Primary reasons for use were curiosity, positive drug effect, relaxation, and to get high without having a positive drug test. Acute subjective effects were similar to known effects of cannabis, and a subset of users met DSM criteria for abuse and dependence on Spice products. Participants exhibited a diverse profile of use patterns as is typical for other drugs of abuse. There was evidence that users continued to seek and use these drugs after being banned by local authorities. This study should be interpreted with caution due to methodological limitations. Controlled laboratory research is needed to further examine the behavioral pharmacology of individual synthetic cannabinoids found in Spice products.