Electrochemomechanical energy conversion in nanofluidic channels
Electrochemomechanical energy conversion in nanofluidic channels
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DOI：
10.1021/nl0489945
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发表时间：
2004-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.8
通讯作者：
Majumdar, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daiguji, H;Yang, PD;Majumdar, A
当德拜长度大约等于或大于含有表面电荷的纳米流体通道的高度时，产生抗衡离子的单极溶液以保持电中性。在这种条件下的压力梯度驱动流可用于离子分离，这形成了电化学机械能量转换的基础。使用连续动力学计算这样的电池的电流-电位（I-phi）特性。当体相浓度较大且通道没有变成反离子的单极溶液时，电流和电势都变小。另一方面，当体相浓度小得多时，质量扩散成为速率控制步骤，并且在高电流密度区电位迅速下降。当溶液的德拜长度约为沟道高度的一半时，效率最大。
When the Debye length is on the order of or larger than the height of a nanofluidic channel containing surface charge, a unipolar solution of counterions is generated to maintain electrical neutrality. A pressure-gradient-driven flow under such conditions can be used for ion separation, which forms the basis for electrochemomechanical energy conversion. The current-potential (I-phi) characteristics of such a battery were calculated using continuum dynamics. When the bulk concentration is large and the channel does not become a unipolar solution of counterions, both the current and potential become small. On the other hand, when bulk concentration is so much smaller, the mass diffusion becomes the rate-controlling step and the potential drops rapidly in the high current density region. When the Debye length of the solution is about half of the channel height, the efficiency is maximized.