A Comparison of Mist Nets and Two Designs of Harp Traps for Capturing Bats
A Comparison of Mist Nets and Two Designs of Harp Traps for Capturing Bats
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雾网与两种竖琴陷阱捕集蝙蝠设计的比较
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发表时间：
1989
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通讯作者：
C. Francis
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Francis
将蝙蝠从栖息地捕获的两种广泛使用的方法是雾网和竖琴陷阱(Kunz和Kurta，1988；Tuttle，1974)。在澳大利亚，Tidemann和Woodside(1978)发现竖琴捕捉器在捕捉中小型泡沫蝶和鼻鱼方面比雾网高出约10倍。在哥斯达黎加，Laval和Fitch(1977)发现诱捕器的效果大约是蚊帐的1.7倍。然而，有一些证据表明，不同物种对陷阱的易感性存在差异。Laval和Fitch(1977)报告说，大型叶口类经常被雾网捕获，很少被捕获，而几种小型泡囊类的情况正好相反。敏感度的这种种间差异可能会影响特定研究的捕获方法的选择，如果捕获数量被用作物种相对丰度的指数，则必须在社区研究中考虑到这种差异(Fleming，1986)。在本文中，我比较了雾网和竖琴捕集器在马来西亚热带雨林林下的有效性和选择性。我还比较了两种不同设计的竖琴陷阱的相对成功。最初的竖琴捕捉器只有一排金属丝，可以有效地捕捉快速飞行的蝙蝠，如鼹鼠，但不适用于更具机动性的物种(康斯坦丁，1958)。随后，带有两排鱼线的陷阱被广泛使用(Tidemann和Woodside，1978；Tuttle，1974)，但即使是这些陷阱，也可能捕捉到遇到它们的蝙蝠的不到一半(kunz和Anthony，1977)。我开发了新的竖琴陷阱设计，增加了一排线，并在这里提供了四组陷阱与两组陷阱相比的诱捕效率的数据。这项研究是在1981年至1987年期间在马来西亚的两个低地雨林地区进行的：帕索
Two widely used methods for capturing bats away from their roosts are mist nets and harp traps (Kunz and Kurta, 1988; Tuttle, 1974). In Australia, Tidemann and Woodside (1978) found that harp traps were about 10 times more effective than mist nets at catching small to medium-sized vespertilionids and rhinolophids. In Costa Rica, Laval and Fitch (1977) found that traps were about 1.7 times as effective as nets. However, there is some evidence of variation among species in their susceptibility to traps. Laval and Fitch (1977) reported that large phyllostomids frequently were caught in mist nets and rarely were trapped, whereas the reverse was true for several small vespertilionids. Such interspecific variation in susceptibility can affect the choice of capture methods for a particular study, and must be considered in community studies if the number of captures is used as an index of relative abundance of species (Fleming, 1986). In this paper, I compare the effectiveness and selectivity of mist nets and harp traps in the understory of Malaysian rain forest. I also compare the relative success of two different designs of harp traps. The original harp traps had a single bank (row) of wires and were effective for capturing fast-flying bats such as molossids, but not for more maneuverable species (Constantine, 1958). Subsequently, traps with two banks of lines were used widely (Tidemann and Woodside, 1978; Tuttle, 1974), but even these may capture less than half the bats encountering them (Kunz and Anthony, 1977). I developed new designs of harp traps with additional banks of lines, and present here data on the trapping efficiency of four-bank traps compared with two-bank traps. The study was conducted between 1981 and 1987 in two areas of lowland rain forest in Malaysia: Pasoh