Proper and common names in the semantic system.
Proper and common names in the semantic system.
复制标题
语义系统中的专有名称和通用名称。
DOI：
10.1007/s00429-022-02593-9
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发表时间：
2023
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Riccardi,Nicholas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Desai,RutvikH;Tadimeti,Usha;Riccardi,Nicholas
专有名词是语言和交际的重要组成部分。由于他们的神经心理学和心理语言学特征，他们被认为具有特殊的地位。专有名称在多大程度上依赖于与普通名称相同的语义系统尚不清楚。在一项功能磁共振研究中，我们让同一组参与者分别使用合适的和常见的名字来比较相关的激活。使用人名和地名，以及个人熟悉和著名的名字，并与代表具体和抽象概念的词语进行比较。随后进行了全脑分析，并对已知在语义系统中起中心作用的四个感兴趣区域进行了详细的细分：角回、前颞叶、后扣带回复合体和内侧颞叶。我们发现，这些区域内的大多数分支都被专有名称和普通名称激活。双侧嗅周和右侧内嗅皮层对专有名称的反应具有特异性，提示在提取与人和地点相关的信息时具有特定项目的作用。虽然对人名和地名的激活有很大的重叠，但地名通过激活与空间记忆和导航相关的区域来区分。人名显示，与地点相比，右脑的参与程度更高，这表明两者之间存在更广泛的联系。与著名名字相比，个人熟悉的名字显示出更强的双边激活，表明自传和插曲细节增强了表征。专有名称和普通名称都是在包含联想成分、情节成分和空间成分的更广泛的语义系统中进行处理的。专有名称的处理特征是这些成分有更强的参与性，而不是由一个根本不同的系统来处理。
Proper names are an important part of language and communication. They are thought to have a special status due to their neuropsychological and psycholinguistic profile. To what extent proper names rely on the same semantic system as common names is not clear. In an fMRI study, we presented the same group of participants with both proper and common names to compare the associated activations. Both person and place names, as well as personally familiar and famous names were used, and compared with words representing concrete and abstract concepts. A whole-brain analysis was followed by a detailed analysis of subdivisions of four regions of interest known to play a central role in the semantic system: angular gyrus, anterior temporal lobe, posterior cingulate complex, and medial temporal lobe. We found that most subdivisions within these regions bilaterally were activated by both proper names and common names. The bilateral perirhinal and right entorhinal cortex showed a response specific to proper names, suggesting an item-specific role in retrieving person and place related information. While activation to person and place names overlapped greatly, place names were differentiated by activating areas associated with spatial memory and navigation. Person names showed greater right hemisphere involvement compared to places, suggesting a wider range of associations. Personally familiar names showed stronger activation bilaterally compared to famous names, indicating representations that are enhanced by autobiographic and episodic details. Both proper and common names are processed in the wider semantic system that contains associative, episodic, and spatial components. Processing of proper names is characterized by a somewhat stronger involvement these components, rather than by a fundamentally different system.