Senegal (1970–2016)
Senegal (1970–2016)
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塞内加尔 (1970–2016)
DOI：
10.1093/oso/9780198837404.003.0017
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Charlotte Heyl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Charlotte Heyl
在塞内加尔，从1970年到2016年，总统任期限制和任期长度规则经历了九次改革和一次规避。本章分析了这些改革的背景、理由和影响。反复出现的任期规则改革反映了塞内加尔政权在威权倾向和民主倾向之间的摇摆轨迹。这些改革往往是更大的一揽子改革的一部分，在这些一揽子改革中，放开政治竞争的措施与限制竞争的措施同时进行。通过这种战略改革，Senghor和Diouf设法维护了PS的霸权，但2000年的第一次选举更替最终无法阻止。多年来，任期规则改革具有象征意义，并成为选举承诺和公开辩论的参照点。强大的社会动员并没有阻止韦德在2012年第三次竞选，但它确实阻止了他的选举胜利。在萨尔担任总统期间，围绕任期规则的争论一直在继续。
In Senegal, the presidential term limit and term length rule was subject to nine reforms and one circumvention from 1970 to 2016. This chapter analyses the context, justifications, and repercussions of these reforms. The recurring tenure rule reforms reflect the Senegalese regime’s oscillating trajectory between authoritarian and democratic proclivities. These reforms were frequently part of larger reform packages in which measures to liberalize political competition coincided with measures to constrain competition. Through such strategic reforms, Senghor and Diouf managed to preserve the PS hegemony, but the first electoral turnover in 2000 could ultimately not be prevented. Over the years, tenure rule reforms gained in symbolic value and served as a reference point for electoral promises as well as for public contestation. The strong societal mobilization did not prevent Wade’s third-term bid in 2012, but it did prevent his electoral victory. The contestation of the tenure rule has continued during Sall’s presidency.