Steeper discounting of delayed rewards in schizophrenia but not first-degree relatives.
Steeper discounting of delayed rewards in schizophrenia but not first-degree relatives.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.psychres.2017.02.062
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发表时间：
2017-06
影响因子：
11.3
通讯作者：
Wolf DH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yu LQ;Lee S;Katchmar N;Satterthwaite TD;Kable JW;Wolf DH
对未来奖励的过度贴现与各种风险行为和不良临床状况有关。以前的工作检查延迟贴现精神分裂症表明贴现率升高。然而，目前尚不确定这是否反映了疾病过程本身或潜在的遗传脆弱性，它是否是延迟折扣的选择性或反映了决策的普遍变化，以及它是否由特定的临床维度驱动，如认知障碍。在这里，我们调查了延迟折扣，以及损失厌恶和风险厌恶，在三组：精神分裂症（SZ），未受影响的一级家庭成员（FM），和控制没有精神病家族史（NC）。SZ的贴现率上升，但损失厌恶或风险厌恶没有变化。与预期相反，FM组在折扣中没有表现出中间表型。较高的折扣率与较低的认知表现的口头推理，但这并不能解释高折扣率在深圳。群体差异主要是由样本中的大多数非吸烟者造成的。这项研究提供了进一步的证据，提高折扣精神分裂症，并表明，陡峭的折扣不一定与家族风险，不能完全由认知缺陷，并不归因于吸烟相关的冲动。
Excessive discounting of future rewards has been related to a variety of risky behaviors and adverse clinical conditions. Prior work examining delay discounting in schizophrenia suggests an elevated discount rate. However, it remains uncertain whether this reflects the disease process itself or an underlying genetic vulnerability, whether it is selective for delay discounting or reflects pervasive changes in decision-making, and whether it is driven by specific clinical dimensions such as cognitive impairment. Here we investigated delay discounting, as well as loss aversion and risk aversion, in three groups: schizophrenia (SZ), unaffected first-degree family members (FM), and controls without a family history of psychosis (NC). SZ had elevated discounting, without changes in loss aversion or risk aversion. Contrary to expectations, the FM group did not show an intermediate phenotype in discounting. Higher discount rates correlated with lower cognitive performance on verbal reasoning, but this did not explain elevated discount rates in SZ. Group differences were driven primarily by the non-smoking majority of the sample. This study provides further evidence for elevated discounting in schizophrenia, and demonstrates that steeper discounting is not necessarily associated with familial risk, cannot be wholly accounted for by cognitive deficits, and is not attributable to smoking-related impulsivity.