AN ANATOMY-BASED COORDINATE SYSTEM FOR THE DESCRIPTION OF THE KINEMATIC DISPLACEMENTS IN THE HUMAN KNEE
AN ANATOMY-BASED COORDINATE SYSTEM FOR THE DESCRIPTION OF THE KINEMATIC DISPLACEMENTS IN THE HUMAN KNEE
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DOI：
10.1016/0021-9290(90)90378-g
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
CLARK, KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PENNOCK, GR;CLARK, KJ
人体膝关节解剖位移的影响和相互作用是准确评估和传达运动学数据的先决条件。为了将运动学信息用于改善诊断和治疗，以及为了更好地进行假体设计和安装，必须对位移进行清晰、简洁和通用的定义。通常，位移被定义为三个平移和三个旋转。在本文中，股骨和胫骨上的解剖标志用于定义六个位移轴的位置和方向;即三个平移和三个旋转位移轴。在文献中，膝关节的最普遍接受的运动学表示是一种特殊的几何三圆柱开链，其中圆柱关节的轴根据旋转位移轴来定义。假设顺序相邻的关节轴不仅相交，而且以直角相交。开链允许在附接至股骨的笛卡尔参考框架和附接至胫骨的笛卡尔参考框架之间总共六个自由度。在本文中，三个旋转轴被证明是偏斜和相互偏移，因此，一个三圆柱开链与偏斜关节轴提出来测量两个参考系之间的六个位移。作者认为，提出的开放链是迄今为止最通用的，并提供了更真实的膝关节位移表示。为了说明参考系对测量数据解释的重要性，绘制了三个现有开链和拟议开链的前/后抽屉相对于百分比步态周期的曲线。
The effects and interaction of the anatomical displacements in the human knee are a prerequisite to an accurate assessment and communication of the kinematic data. For the kinematic information to be used to improve diagnosis and treatment, and for better prosthetic design and installation, there must be clear, concise, and universal definition of the displacements. In general, the displacements are defined as three translations and three rotations. In this paper, anatomic landmarks on the femur and on the tibia are used to define the locations and orientations of the six displacement axes; i.e. three translational and three rotational displacement axes. The most commonly accepted kinematic representation of the knee joint, in the literature, is a special geometry three-cylindric open chain in which the axes of the cylindric joints are defined according to the rotational displacement axes. The sequentially adjacent joint axes are assumed to not only intersect but to intersect at right-angles. The open chain permits a total of six degrees of freedom between a Cartesian reference frame attached to the femur and a Cartesian reference frame attached to the tibia. In this paper, the three rotational axes are shown to be skewed and off-set from each other, therefore, a three-cylindric open chain with skewed joint axes is proposed to measure the six displacements between the two reference frames. The authors believe that the proposed open chain is the most general to date and provides a more realistic representation of the displacements in the knee. To illustrate the significance of the reference frames on the interpretation of measured data, the anterior/posterior drawer is plotted against per cent gait cycle for three existing open chains and the proposed open chain.