Design of a biodegradable UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan/nanocomposed membrane with osteogenic ability for application in bone regeneration
Design of a biodegradable UV-irradiated gelatin-chitosan/nanocomposed membrane with osteogenic ability for application in bone regeneration
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DOI：
10.1016/j.msec.2019.01.135
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发表时间：
2019-06-01
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Ortiz, Rina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Acevedo, Cristian A.;Olguin, Yusser;Ortiz, Rina
引导骨再生膜用于口腔外科手术，以保护暴露于结缔组织入侵的病变部位，进而防止新骨形成。虽然不可降解材料和可降解材料已经应用于临床治疗，但生物可降解膜的优点是它们不需要二次手术即可取出。然而，它们的机械强度非常低。明胶-壳聚糖基生物材料作为生物可降解膜，因其独特的性能在临床应用中具有重要意义。明胶含有类似RGD的序列，促进细胞的黏附/迁移，并且可以与壳聚糖共混，从而实现纳米颗粒的固定化。在本工作中，我们设计了一种新型的明胶-壳聚糖膜，其中含有羟基磷灰石和二氧化钛纳米颗粒作为两种非常有文献记载的骨传导材料。利用紫外光作为无毒交联剂来改善纳米复合膜的热物理/力学性能，控制其生物降解性，并用扫描电子显微镜、差示扫描量热仪和杨氏模量仪分别对材料的微观结构、热物性和力学性能进行了研究。通过细胞黏附和增殖实验评价新型纳米复合材料的体外生物相容性。利用小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞(MEF)进行碱性磷酸酶合成实验，结果表明材料均一，纳米颗粒分布合理。紫外光辐射交联提高了膜的力学性能和生物学性能。二氧化钛和羟基磷灰石两种骨传导纳米粒子的存在增加了这种明胶材料的体外成骨潜力，这种材料除了具有物理屏障的功能外，还具有生物学功能。
Guided bone regeneration membranes are used in oral surgery to protect the site of a lesion exposed to connective tissue invasion which, in turn, prevents new bone formation. Although non-degradable and degradable materials have been applied in clinical treatments, biodegradable membranes have the advantage that they do not require a secondary surgical procedure to be removed. However, they have a very low mechanical strength. As biodegradable membranes, biomaterials based on gelatin-chitosan have gained importance in clinical applications due to their unique properties. Gelatin contains RGD-like sequences, promoting cell adhesion/migration, and it can be blended with chitosan, which allows the immobilization of nanoparticles.In this work, we designed a new gelatin-chitosan polymeric membrane which contains hydroxyapatite and titania nanoparticles as two very well-documented osteoconductive materials. UV radiation was used as a nontoxic cross-linking agent to improve the thermophysical/mechanical characteristics and to control the biodegradability of the nanocomposed membrane.The microstructure, thermophysical and mechanical properties of the UV-irradiated material were studied by scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and Young's modulus, respectively. The in vitro biocompatibility of the new nanocomposite was evaluated by cell adhesion and proliferation assays. The osteoconductive ability was determined by an alkaline phosphatase production assay using mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells.The results show a homogeneous material with an appropriate distribution of nanoparticles. Cross-linking by UV radiation improved the mechanical and biological performance of the membrane. The presence of two osteoconductive nanoparticles, such as titania and hydroxyapatite, increased the osteogenic potential of the gelatin-based material in vitro, which confers a biological function, in addition to functioning as a physical barrier.The material obtained herein represents a good alternative to current guided bone regeneration membranes, with high potential for use in oral/orthopaedic applications in patients.