Differential susceptibility of tree species to oviposition by periodical cicadas
Differential susceptibility of tree species to oviposition by periodical cicadas
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2311.2008.01071.x
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Winkle, Chuck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Clay, Keith;Shelton, Angela L.;Winkle, Chuck
1.周期性蝉广泛分布于北美东部的落叶林中，是世界上最大的昆虫出现。它们对森林群落动态的影响，通过产卵损害和根喂养，是潜在的巨大的，但没有得到很好的理解。如果不同树种对蝉产卵和根系定殖的敏感性不同，那么周期性蝉可能会影响树种之间的生态相互作用和森林组成。在美国南印第安纳州的52个地点对63个树种进行了产卵危害测定。S. A.两窝周期性的蝉比较了不同地点、不同生境和不同树种的产卵危害。我们还测量了成熟和演替森林生境中以及不同树种下的蝗虫羽化率。某些树种收到的产卵损害比其他人显着，和最多和最少的受害物种是一致的两个窝。对于一些物种，产卵损害成熟和演替网站之间的变化。尽管不同树种间的产卵率存在差异，但不同树种下的羽化率没有差异，这表明不同树种间的初始密度差异并不贯穿若虫的整个生命周期.蝉产卵更多的继承网站，但出现在成熟的森林看台上，这表明连续几代的蝉代表了不同年龄的森林之间的移动马赛克。由于树种对产卵危害的敏感性不同，周期性蝉可以改变当地的竞争相互作用，从而影响森林动态。
1. Periodical cicadas occur widely in deciduous forests of eastern North America and represent the largest insect emergences in the world. Their effects on forest community dynamics, via oviposition damage and root feeding, are potentially great but not well understood. If tree species vary in their susceptibility to cicada oviposition and root colonization, then periodical cicadas may affect ecological interactions among tree species and forest composition.2. We measured oviposition damage on 63 tree species at 52 sites in southern Indiana, U. S. A. for two broods of periodical cicadas. We compared oviposition damage among different sites, habitats, and tree species. We also measured cicada emergence rates in mature and successional forest habitats and from beneath different tree species.3. Certain tree species received significantly more oviposition damage than others, and the most and least damaged species were consistent between the two broods. For some species, oviposition damage varied between mature and successional sites. Despite the differences in oviposition rates among species, there was no difference in emergence rates from beneath different tree species, suggesting that initial differences in cicada density among tree species are not maintained through the nymphal life cycle.4. Cicadas oviposited more at successional sites, but emerged more in mature forest stands, suggesting that successive generations of cicadas represent a shifting mosaic between forests of different ages. As tree species consistently vary in their susceptibility to oviposition damage, periodical cicadas could alter local competitive interactions and therefore affect forest dynamics.