The cerebellum and event timing
The cerebellum and event timing
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb07576.x
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Diedrichsen, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ivry, RB;Spencer, RM;Diedrichsen, J
小脑损伤会扰乱一系列需要精确计时的任务的表现，包括熟练的动作、眨眼条件反射和感知任务，例如持续时间辨别。我们假设此类任务涉及事件计时，这是一种明确表示时间目标的表示形式。例如，在手指敲击期间，产生均匀节奏间隔的目标调用与敲击表面的连续接触点之间的时间的显式时间表示。相反，计时可以是其他动作中的新兴属性，反映通过控制其他运动参数而产生的时间一致性。一个例子是连续画圆，这是一项可以通过保持恒定角速度或最小化高阶导数（例如加加速度）来实现时间一致性的任务。事件和紧急计时任务的时间一致性不相关，小脑损伤患者在连续画圈过程中没有表现出时间变异性的增加。虽然小脑可能有助于执行多种技能行为，但当任务涉及事件计时时，它似乎尤其重要。
Damage to the cerebellum disrupts performance on a range of tasks that require precise timing including the production of skilled movements, eyeblink conditioning, and perceptual tasks such as duration discrimination. We hypothesize that such tasks involve event timing, a form of representation in which the temporal goals are explicitly represented. For example, during finger tapping, the goal to produce evenly paced intervals invokes an explicit temporal representation of the time between successive contact points with the tapping surface. In contrast, timing can be an emergent property in other actions, reflecting temporal consistencies that arise through the control of other movement parameters. One example is continuous circle drawing, a task in which temporal consistency can be achieved by maintaining a constant angular velocity or minimizing higher-order derivatives (e.g., jerk). Temporal consistency on event and emergent timing tasks is not correlated and patients with cerebellar damage show no increase in temporal variability during continuous circle drawing. While the cerebellum likely contributes to performance of a wide range of skilled behaviors, it appears to be especially important when the tasks entail event timing.