Perfluorinated Compounds in Human Blood, Water, Edible Freshwater Fish, and Seafood in China: Daily Intake and Regional Differences in Human Exposures
Perfluorinated Compounds in Human Blood, Water, Edible Freshwater Fish, and Seafood in China: Daily Intake and Regional Differences in Human Exposures
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中国人体血液、水、食用淡水鱼和海鲜中的全氟化合物：每日摄入量和人类暴露的地区差异
DOI：
10.1021/jf2007216
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发表时间：
2011-10-26
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
Kannan, Kurunthachalam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Tao;Sun, Hongwen;Kannan, Kurunthachalam
尽管公众对全氟化合物(PFC)的兴趣与日俱增，但很少有研究报道中国一书中人类接触这些化合物的来源和途径。本研究对中国采集的人血、水(自来水和地表水)、淡水鱼和海产品样品中10种全氟碳化物的浓度进行了测定。在这些数据的基础上，我们计算了中国人群的全氟化碳的日摄入量、人体暴露的地区差异，以及与从饮食、饮用水和室内粉尘中摄入全氟化碳相关的潜在风险。全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)是天津市人血中最主要的PFC，平均浓度为12.5 ng/mL，淡水鱼和海产品中PFC平均浓度为0.92 ng/g湿重；全氟辛酸(全氟辛酸)是饮用水中的主要全氟辛酸，浓度范围为0.10至0.92 ng/L。选定地点(即天津、南昌、武汉和沈阳)不同年龄组别(即幼儿、青少年和儿童以及成年人)每天通过鱼类和海鲜(EDI鱼和海鲜)摄入的全氟辛酸和全氟辛酸的估计日摄入量分别为0.10至2.51和0.13至0.38 ng/kg体重。鱼肉和海鲜的摄食量随着年龄的增加而降低(p<；0.05)。全氟辛烷磺酸和全氟辛酸通过饮用水消耗量的估计每日摄入量分别为0.006至0.014和0.010至0.159纳克/千克体重/天。天津、南昌、武汉、沈阳4个城市成年人的全氟辛烷磺酸膳食总摄入量(TDI)与鱼类和海产品的EDI值及饮用水EDI值的比较表明，鱼和海鲜对全氟辛烷磺酸总膳食摄入量的贡献因地而异。在南昌、沈阳、武汉和天津，鱼和海鲜分别占全氟辛烷磺酸摄入量的7%、24%、80%和84%，这表明人类接触全氟辛烷磺酸的地区差异。饮用水是全氟辛烷磺酸(PFOS)的次要来源。
Despite the growing public interest in perfluorinated compounds (PFCs), very few studies have reported the sources and pathways of human exposure to these compounds in China. In this study, concentrations of 10 PFCs were measured in human blood, water (tap water and surface water), freshwater fish, and seafood samples collected from China. On the basis of the data, we calculated daily intakes of PFCs, regional differences in human exposures, and potential risks associated with ingestion of PFCs from diet, drinking water, and indoor dust for the Chinese population. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the most predominant PFC found with a mean concentration of 12.5 ng/mL in human blood from Tianjin and 0.92 ng/g wet wt in freshwater fish and seafood; perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was the major PFC found in drinking water at a concentration range of 0.10 to 0.92 ng/L. The estimated daily intake of PFOS and PFOA via fish and seafood consumption (EDIfish&seafood) ranged from 0.10 to 2.51 and 0.13 to 0.38 ng/kg bw/day, respectively, for different age groups (i.e., toddlers, adolescents and children, and adults) from selected locations (i.e., Tianjin, Nanchang, Wuhan, and Shenyang). The EDIfish&seafood of PFCs decreased (p < 0.05) with age. The estimated daily intake of PFOS and PFOA via drinking water consumption (EDIdrinking (water)) ranged from 0.006 to 0.014 and 0.010 to 0.159 ng/kg bw/day, respectively. Comparison of EDIfish&seafood and EDIdrinking (water) values with those of the modeled total dietary intake (TDI) of PFCs by adults from Tianjin, Nanchang, Wuhan, and Shenyang showed that contributions of fish and seafood to TDI of PFOS varied depending on the location. Fish and seafood accounted for 7%, 24%, 80%, and 84% of PFOS intake in Nanchang, Shenyang, Wuhan, and Tianjin, respectively, suggesting regional differences in human exposure to PFOS. Drinking water was a minor source of PFOS (