Alcohol use disorders among US college students and their non-college-attending peers
Alcohol use disorders among US college students and their non-college-attending peers
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DOI：
10.1001/archpsyc.62.3.321
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发表时间：
2005-03-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Slutske, WS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Slutske, WS
背景：大学生酗酒已经成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。有一致的证据表明，上大学的年轻人比没有上大学的同龄人喝得更多，但目前还不清楚他们是否更容易患上临床上显著的酒精使用障碍。目的：在美国一个具有代表性的大型国家样本中，比较在同一项研究中，上大学的年轻人与非上大学的同龄人中酒精使用障碍和酒精使用障碍症状的患病率。设计：横断面调查。背景：平民，非机构的美国人口。参与者：来自2001年全国药物滥用家庭调查的年轻人（n=6352）（19-21岁，51%女性，66%白人，14%非洲裔美国人，14%西班牙裔）。主要结果测量：终生、过去一年和过去一个月的饮酒、过去一年和过去一个月的每周饮酒、过去一个月的每周酗酒、过去一个月的每日饮酒、过去一个月的典型饮酒量，以及过去一年的DSM-IV酒精依赖和滥用诊断。结果：在过去的一年里，18%的美国大学生（24%的男性，13%的女性）患有临床意义上明显的酒精相关问题，而非大学学生的这一比例为15%（22%的男性，9%的女性；总体优势比= 1.32）。过去一年的酒精使用障碍与大学出勤率之间的关联在女性中更为明显（优势比= 1）。70)比男性多（优势比= 1）。14)。大学生比未上大学的同龄人更容易被诊断为DSM-IV酒精滥用；尽管大学里的人喝得更多，但他们不太可能被诊断为DSM-IV酒精依赖。结论：大学生因酗酒而遭受一些临床意义上的严重后果，但与非大学生相比，他们似乎没有更大的风险出现更普遍的问题，即酒精依赖的特征。
Background: Heavy/binge drinking among college students has become a major public health problem. There is consistent evidence suggesting that young adults in college are drinking more than their non-college-attending peers, but it is still not clear whether they are more likely to suffer from clinically significant alcohol use disorders.Objective: To compare the 'prevalence of alcohol use disorders and alcohol use disorder symptoms in college-attending young adults with their non-college-attending peers within the same study in a large and representative US national sample.Design: Cross-sectional survey.Setting: Civilian, noninstitutionalized US population.Participants: Young adults (n=6352) from the 2001 National Household Survey on Drug Abuse (19-21 years of age, 51% female, 66% white, 14% African American, 14% Hispanic).Main Outcome Measures: Lifetime, past-year, and past-month drinking, past-year and past-month weekly drinking, past-month weekly binge drinking, past-month daily drinking, typical quantity consumed in the past month, and past-year DSM-IV alcohol dependence and abuse diagnoses.Results: Eighteen percent of US college students (24% of men, 13% of women) suffered from-clinically significant alcohol-related problem's in the past year, compared with 15% of their non-college-attending peers (22% of men, 9% of women; overall odds ratio = 1.32). The association between past-year alcohol use disorder and college attendance was stronger among women (odds ratio = 1. 70) than men (odds ratio = 1. 14). College students were more likely to receive a diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol abuse than their peers hot attending college; despite the fact that those in college were drinking more, they were not more likely to receive a diagnosis of DSM-IV alcohol dependence.Conclusions: College students suffer from some clinically significant consequences of their heavy/binge drinking, but they do not appear to be at greater risk than their non-college-attending peers for the more pervasive syndrome of problems that is characteristic of alcohol dependence.