Testing the Neutral Theory of Biodiversity with Human Microbiome Datasets.
Testing the Neutral Theory of Biodiversity with Human Microbiome Datasets.
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用人类微生物组数据集测试生物多样性的中性理论
DOI：
10.1038/srep31448
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发表时间：
2016-08-16
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Ma ZS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li L;Ma ZS
人类微生物组计划（HMP）使得测试对人类健康最重要的生态系统——人类微生物组——的重要生态学理论成为可能。现有数量有限的研究报告了中性理论中相互矛盾的证据；本研究旨在通过广泛的HMP数据集全面测试中性理论，这些数据集涵盖了人类微生物群居住的所有五个主要身体部位。利用7437个数据集的细菌群落样本，我们发现只有49个群落（不到1%）满足中性理论，并得出结论，人类微生物群落总体上不是中性的。49个阳性案例，虽然只是极少数，但确实证明了中性过程的存在。我们认识到，巴斯-贝金首先提出的传统微生物地理学说“万物无处不在，但环境选择”解决了这一明显的矛盾。Baas-Becking学说的第一部分指出，微生物不受扩散限制，因此是中性倾向的，第二部分重申，自由扩散的微生物必须经受环境的选择。因此，在大多数情况下，是宿主环境最终塑造了群落组合，并使人类微生物组处于生态位状态。
The human microbiome project (HMP) has made it possible to test important ecological theories for arguably the most important ecosystem to human health—the human microbiome. Existing limited number of studies have reported conflicting evidence in the case of the neutral theory; the present study aims to comprehensively test the neutral theory with extensive HMP datasets covering all five major body sites inhabited by the human microbiome. Utilizing 7437 datasets of bacterial community samples, we discovered that only 49 communities (less than 1%) satisfied the neutral theory, and concluded that human microbial communities are not neutral in general. The 49 positive cases, although only a tiny minority, do demonstrate the existence of neutral processes. We realize that the traditional doctrine of microbial biogeography “Everything is everywhere, but the environment selects” first proposed by Baas-Becking resolves the apparent contradiction. The first part of Baas-Becking doctrine states that microbes are not dispersal-limited and therefore are neutral prone, and the second part reiterates that the freely dispersed microbes must endure selection by the environment. Therefore, in most cases, it is the host environment that ultimately shapes the community assembly and tip the human microbiome to niche regime.