Differences in Gut Microbiota Profiles between Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis
Differences in Gut Microbiota Profiles between Autoimmune Pancreatitis and Chronic Pancreatitis
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DOI：
10.1620/tjem.244.113
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发表时间：
2018-02-01
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Shimosegawa, Tooru
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hamada, Shin;Masamune, Atsushi;Shimosegawa, Tooru
宿主源性因子改变肠道微环境，肠道菌群的变化也影响宿主的生物学功能。肠道微生物群的改变已在各种疾病中报道，但胰腺疾病的整体变化情况仍有待澄清。特别是，肠道微生物群可能受到与胰腺疾病相关的营养不良或外分泌胰腺功能受损的影响。我们在此对1型自身免疫性胰腺炎（AIP）和慢性胰腺炎（CP）患者的肠道菌群进行了全面分析，AIP是全身性IgG 4相关疾病的胰腺表现。选择这两种疾病是因为AIP的免疫反应改变和/或CP的长期营养不良可能会影响肠道微生物群。粪便样本来自12名类固醇治疗前的AIP患者和8名CP患者。提取宏基因组DNA，并通过下一代测序分析微生物群。AIP患者和CP患者的肠道微生物群特征不同;即，CP患者中拟杆菌属、链球菌属和梭菌属的比例较高。这些细菌种类比例增加的原因尚不清楚，但可能反映了吸收不良和/或胰腺酶降低，两者均与CP相关。顺便说一句，鉴定的链球菌属是口腔居民，也被称为心内膜炎的病原体。尽管样本量很小，但这项研究显示了AIP和CP之间肠道微生物群的差异。肠道菌群的综合分析可能有助于胰腺疾病的鉴别诊断。
Host-derived factors alter gut microenvironment, and changes in gut microbiota also affect biological functions of host. Alterations of gut microbiota have been reported in a wide variety of diseases, but the whole picture of alterations in pancreatic diseases remains to be clarified. In particular, the gut microbiota may be affected by malnutrition or impaired exocrine pancreas function that is associated with pancreatic diseases. We here conducted comprehensive analysis of gut microbiota in patients with type 1 autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP), a pancreatic manifestation of the systemic IgG4-related disease, and chronic pancreatitis (CP). The two diseases were selected, because altered immune reactions in AIP and/or long-standing malnutrition in CP may influence the gut microbiota. Fecal samples were obtained from 12 patients with AIP before the steroid therapy and 8 patients with CP. Metagenome DNA was extracted, and microbiota was analyzed by next generation sequencing. Gut microbiota profiles were different between patients with AIP and those with CP; namely, the proportions of Bacteroides, Streptococcus and Clostridium species were higher in patients with CP. The reasons for the increased proportion of these bacterial species remain unknown, but may reflect malabsorption and/or decreased pancreatic enzymes, both of which are associated with CP. Incidentally, the identified Streptococcus species are oral cavity inhabitants and also known as pathogens for endocarditis. Despite the small sample size, this study has shown the differences in gut microbiota profiles between AIP and CP. Comprehensive analysis of the gut microbiota may be useful for the differential diagnosis of pancreatic diseases.