A natural fusion of flavodiiron, rubredoxin, and rubredoxin oxidoreductase domains is a self-sufficient water-forming oxidase of Trichomonas vaginalis.

A natural fusion of flavodiiron, rubredoxin, and rubredoxin oxidoreductase domains is a self-sufficient water-forming oxidase of Trichomonas vaginalis.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.jbc.2022.102210
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发表时间:
2022-08
影响因子:
4.8
通讯作者:
Cracan, Valentin
Cracan, Valentin
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Abdulaziz, Evana N.;Bell, Tristan A.;Rashid, Bazlur;Heacock, Mina L.;Begic, Tarik;Skinner, Owen S.;Yaseen, Mohammad A.;Chao, Luke H.;Mootha, Vamsi K.;Pierik, Antonio J.;Cracan, Valentin

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微需氧病原体如贾第鞭毛虫、溶组织内阿米巴和迷走毛滴虫具有强大的耗氧系统来解毒氧并维持细胞内氧化还原平衡。这种氧消耗是由两种不同的含黄素系统的H2O形成的NADH氧化酶(NOX)活性引起的:H2O形成的NOX和多组分黄素二铁蛋白(FDP)。这两个系统都不是膜结合的,并且都将NADH再循环成氧化的NAD+,同时从局部环境中去除O2。然而,很少有人知道这些系统在T. vagulovirus的具体贡献。在这项研究中,我们使用生物信息学和生物化学分析表明,T. vagulovirus缺乏NOX样酶,而是含有三个旁系同源基因(FDPF 1 -3),每个基因编码N-末端FDP,中央红氧还蛋白(Rb)和C-末端NADH:Rb氧化还原酶结构域之间的天然融合产物。与缺乏Rb和氧化还原酶结构域的“独立”FDP不同,这种具有完全填充的黄素氧化还原中心的天然融合蛋白直接接受还原当量的NADH,以极高的周转率在单个多肽内催化氧的四电子还原为水。此外,使用单粒子cryo-EM,我们提出了结构的见解FDP核心的空间组织在这个多域融合蛋白。总之,这些结果有助于我们了解系统,让原生动物寄生虫保持最佳的氧化还原平衡和生存短暂暴露于有毒条件。
Microaerophilic pathogens such as Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Trichomonas vaginalis have robust oxygen consumption systems to detoxify oxygen and maintain intracellular redox balance. This oxygen consumption results from H2O-forming NADH oxidase (NOX) activity of two distinct flavin-containing systems: H2O-forming NOXes and multicomponent flavodiiron proteins (FDPs). Neither system is membrane bound, and both recycle NADH into oxidized NAD+ while simultaneously removing O2 from the local environment. However, little is known about the specific contributions of these systems in T. vaginalis. In this study, we use bioinformatics and biochemical analyses to show that T. vaginalis lacks a NOX–like enzyme and instead harbors three paralogous genes (FDPF1–3), each encoding a natural fusion product between the N-terminal FDP, central rubredoxin (Rb), and C-terminal NADH:Rb oxidoreductase domains. Unlike a “stand-alone” FDP that lacks Rb and oxidoreductase domains, this natural fusion protein with fully populated flavin redox centers directly accepts reducing equivalents of NADH to catalyze the four-electron reduction of oxygen to water within a single polypeptide with an extremely high turnover. Furthermore, using single-particle cryo-EM, we present structural insights into the spatial organization of the FDP core within this multidomain fusion protein. Together, these results contribute to our understanding of systems that allow protozoan parasites to maintain optimal redox balance and survive transient exposure to oxic conditions.
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