A Shared Authority: Essays On The Craft And Meaning Of Oral And Public History
A Shared Authority: Essays On The Craft And Meaning Of Oral And Public History
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共同的权威：关于口述和公共历史的技巧和意义的论文
DOI：
10.2307/2079542
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发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
M. Frisch
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Frisch
作者：罗纳德·J·格雷尔。《声音的信封：口述历史的艺术》（Envelopes of Sound：The Art of Oral History）Rev.和Eni. New Yorkl Praeger Publishers，1991. Pp. 312. $19.95，Paper.）迈克尔·弗里施A Shared Authority：Essays on the Craft and Meaning of Oral and Public History（奥尔巴尼：州立大学，纽约出版社，1990年）。Pp. 273.布59.50美元;纸19.95美元。）有了一系列问题和足够的知识来操作录音机，任何人都可以成为口述历史学家，或者说我的学生在最近的一堂社会史课上天真地希望如此。在阅读了这些书中的选段后，他们开始意识到，无论是做还是用口述历史，都需要对内容和过程有深刻的理解。他们了解到，口述历史为我们提供了一条超越传统来源寻求意义的途径，但这条路往往是曲折的，充满了坑洞。口述历史学家不仅扮演保管人的角色，还影响记忆的选择，决定个人历史的意义以及如何解释它们，并决定口述历史如何呈现给观众。这些对公共记忆的责任绝不能掉以轻心，需要口述历史从业者不断进行检查。罗纳德格雷尔和迈克尔弗里施地址的口头历史学家的责任在一些有用的方式在这些罚款卷。Grele是哥伦比亚大学口述历史研究办公室主任，曾担任《国际口述历史杂志》和《国际口述历史年鉴》的编辑。Frisch在纽约布法罗州立大学的美国研究和历史系担任联合职务，是《口述历史评论》的编辑。两位作者都是该领域公认的权威，他们的专业知识在他们选择的主题以及他们提出的问题上都很明显。这两本书都是散文集。格雷尔的书于1975年首次出版，源于1973年美国历史学家组织年会的一次会议，其中包括该领域其他工作人员的论文和采访，包括Studs Terkel，Jan Vansina和Alice Kessler Harris。弗里施的书汇集了15年来在其他地方发表的论文，以及一些新的，以前未发表的材料。作者将这些文章组织成三个连贯的部分，并通过他的介绍提供了一个考虑口述历史和公共历史的框架。这两卷书相得益彰。格雷尔最关心的是口述历史的创作，而弗里施最感兴趣的是它的应用。虽然理论性很强，但两位作者都使用案例研究来强调集体记忆、历史学家与资料来源之间的关系以及口述历史作为将历史参与者带入解释过去过程的一种手段等问题。
By Ronald J. Grele. Envelopes of Sound: The Art of Oral History (2nd ed., rev. and eni. New Yorkl Praeger Publishers, 1991. Pp. 312. $19.95, Paper.) By Michael Frisch. A Shared Authority: Essays on the Craft and Meaning of Oral and Public History (Albany: State University of New York Press, 1990. Pp. 273. $59.50, Cloth; $19.95, Paper.) Armed with a list of questions and enough knowledge to operate a tape recorder, anyone can be an oral historian, or so my students in a recent social history class naively hoped. After reading selections from these volumes, they began to realize that both doing and using oral histories demand a sophisticated understanding of not only content but also process. They learned that oral history provides us with an avenue to seek meaning beyond traditional sources, but that the road is often twisted and full of potholes. Not limited to the role of custodian, the oral historian influences the selection of memories, determines the significance of personal histories and how they will be interpreted, and decides how oral history will be presented to an audience. These responsibilities for public memory must not be taken lightly and require constant examination by oral history practitioners. Ronald Grele and Michael Frisch address the oral historian's responsibilities in a number of useful ways in these fine volumes. Grele is the director of the Oral History Research Office at Columbia University and has served as the editor of the InternationalJournal of Oral History and the International Annual of Oral History Frisch holds a joint appointment in the departments of American Studies and history at the State University of New York-Buffalo, and is the editor of The Oral History Review Both authors are recognized authorities in the field, and their expertise is evident in their choice of subjects as well as the questions they raise. Both books are compilations of essays. Grele's book, first published in 1975, grew out of a session at the 1973 annual meeting of the Organization of American Historians and includes essays and interviews of others working in the field including Studs Terkel, Jan Vansina, and Alice Kessler Harris. Frisch's volume brings together essays published elsewhere over a fifteen year period, as well as some new, previously unpublished material. The author has organized the essays into three coherent sections and through his introduction provided a framework for considering oral and public history. The two volumes complement each other beautifully. Whereas Grele is most concerned with the creation of oral history, Frisch is most interested in its application. Although strongly theoretical, both authors have used case studies to highlight such problems and issues as collective memory, the relationship between the historian and the source, and oral history as a means to bring the historical participant into the process of interpreting the past.