Blood-feeding in mosquitoes:: probing time and salivary gland anti-haemostatic activities in representatives of three genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex)
Blood-feeding in mosquitoes:: probing time and salivary gland anti-haemostatic activities in representatives of three genera (Aedes, Anopheles, Culex)
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2915.2000.00227.x
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发表时间：
2000-06-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ribeiro, JMC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ribeiro, JMC
蚊子（双翅目：蚊科）在尝试吸食血液时会面临宿主的止血机制。因此，它们通过包括抗凝血、抗血小板和血管舒张化合物的唾液剂来拮抗止血。由于止血是一种复杂且冗余的生理反应，在脊椎动物之间存在差异，因此预计食血动物具有最有效地抵抗其首选宿主的唾液军械库。具有强烈食鸟倾向的库蚊（Culex quinquefasciatus Say）似乎最近才适应哺乳动物，可能没有进化出有效的机制来抵消哺乳动物的血小板反应，而鸟类只拥有相对低效的血小板反应。因此，我们比较了 Cx 的探测行为。 quinquefasciatus 与来自不同背景的另外两种蚊子：埃及伊蚊 (L.) 和白按蚊 (Anopheles albimanus Weidemann)，它们显然与哺乳动物有更长的进化关联。与其他两种蚊子相比，库蚊在哺乳动物宿主（人类或小鼠）身上寻找血液需要更多的时间，但在以鸡为食时的探测行为没有差异。还测量了这三种蚊子的唾液抗止血成分，并结合探测行为讨论了结果。
Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) face their hosts' haemostatic mechanisms when attempting to feed on blood. Accordingly, they antagonize haemostasis by salivary agents that include anti-clotting, anti-platelet and vasodilatory compounds. Because haemostasis is a complex and redundant physiological response that varies between vertebrates, it is to be expected that haematophagous animals have a salivary armoury that most efficiently counteracts their preferred hosts. The mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say, which has a strong tendency to ornithophagy, appears to have only recently adapted to mammals and may not have evolved efficient mechanisms to counteract mammalian platelet responses, while birds only have relatively inefficient thrombocytes. Accordingly, we compared the probing behaviour of Cx. quinquefasciatus with two other mosquito species from different backgrounds: Aedes aegypti (L.) and Anopheles albimanus Weidemann, that have apparently had a longer evolutionary association with mammals. Culex takes much more time to find blood on a mammalian host (human or mouse) when compared to the two other mosquito species, but does not differ in probing behaviour when feeding on a chicken. Salivary anti-haemostatic components were also measured in those three species of mosquito and results are discussed in context with the probing behaviour.