CHEMICAL GENERATION OF NITRIC-OXIDE IN THE MOUTH FROM THE ENTEROSALIVARY CIRCULATION OF DIETARY NITRATE
CHEMICAL GENERATION OF NITRIC-OXIDE IN THE MOUTH FROM THE ENTEROSALIVARY CIRCULATION OF DIETARY NITRATE
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DOI：
10.1038/nm0695-546
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发表时间：
1995-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
BENJAMIN, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DUNCAN, C;DOUGALL, H;BENJAMIN, N
唾液中高浓度的亚硝酸盐（来源于饮食中的硝酸盐）在酸化后可能会在胃中产生氮氧化物，其量足以保护人体免受吞咽病原体的侵害。我们现在表明，在大鼠中，硝酸盐还原为亚硝酸盐仅限于舌头后表面的一个特殊区域，该区域被细菌大量定植，而硝酸盐还原在无菌大鼠中没有。我们还表明，在人类中，由于摄入硝酸盐而增加的唾液亚硝酸盐产生会增加口服一氧化氮的产生。我们认为，唾液生成亚硝酸盐是通过舌头表面的硝酸盐还原细菌的共生关系来完成的，这是为了提供宿主对口腔和下肠道微生物病原体的防御。这些结果为膳食硝酸盐的有益作用提供了进一步的证据。
High concentrations of nitrite present in saliva (derived from dietary nitrate) may, upon acidification, generate nitrogen oxides in the stomach-in sufficient amounts to provide protection from swallowed pathogens. We now show that, in the rat, reduction of nitrate to nitrite is confined to a specialized area on the posterior surface of the tongue, which is heavily colonized by bacteria, and that nitrate reduction is absent in germ-free rats. We also show that in humans increased salivary nitrite production resulting from nitrate intake enhances oral nitric oxide production. We propose that the salivary generation of nitrite is accomplished by a symbiotic relationship involving nitrate-reducing bacteria on the tongue surface, which is designed to provide host defence against microbial pathogens in the mouth and lower gut. These results provide further evidence for beneficial effects of dietary nitrate.