Endogenous HMGB1 regulates autophagy.

Endogenous HMGB1 regulates autophagy.
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DOI:
10.1083/jcb.200911078
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发表时间:
2010-09-06
期刊:
The Journal of cell biology
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Lotze MT
Lotze MT
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tang D;Kang R;Livesey KM;Cheh CW;Farkas A;Loughran P;Hoppe G;Bianchi ME;Tracey KJ;Zeh HJ 3rd;Lotze MT

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HMGB 1取代Beclin 1中的Bcl-2以诱导和维持细胞应激时的自噬。自噬清除长寿命的蛋白质和功能失调的细胞器,并在饥饿和其他类型的细胞应激期间产生三磷酸腺苷生产的底物。在这里,我们表明,高迁移率族蛋白1(HMGB 1),染色质相关的核蛋白和细胞外损伤相关的分子模式的分子,是一个重要的调节自噬。增强活性氧的刺激促进HMGB 1的胞质易位,从而增强自噬通量。HMGB 1直接与自噬蛋白Beclin 1相互作用,取代Bcl-2。HMGB 1的半胱氨酸106(C106)突变,而不是邻近的C23和C45,促进细胞溶质定位和持续的自噬。丙酮酸乙酯等药物对HMGB 1胞质易位的药理学抑制限制了饥饿诱导的自噬。此外,HMGB 1的分子内二硫键(C23/45)是结合Beclin 1和维持自噬所必需的。因此,内源性HMGB 1是一种关键的促自噬蛋白,其增强细胞存活并限制程序性凋亡细胞死亡。
HMGB1 displaces Bcl-2 from Beclin1 to induce and sustain autophagy in response to cell stress. Autophagy clears long-lived proteins and dysfunctional organelles and generates substrates for adenosine triphosphate production during periods of starvation and other types of cellular stress. Here we show that high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a chromatin-associated nuclear protein and extracellular damage-associated molecular pattern molecule, is a critical regulator of autophagy. Stimuli that enhance reactive oxygen species promote cytosolic translocation of HMGB1 and thereby enhance autophagic flux. HMGB1 directly interacts with the autophagy protein Beclin1 displacing Bcl-2. Mutation of cysteine 106 (C106), but not the vicinal C23 and C45, of HMGB1 promotes cytosolic localization and sustained autophagy. Pharmacological inhibition of HMGB1 cytoplasmic translocation by agents such as ethyl pyruvate limits starvation-induced autophagy. Moreover, the intramolecular disulfide bridge (C23/45) of HMGB1 is required for binding to Beclin1 and sustaining autophagy. Thus, endogenous HMGB1 is a critical pro-autophagic protein that enhances cell survival and limits programmed apoptotic cell death.
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