Transformation of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) orchard into multistory agroforestry increases system productivity
Transformation of jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) orchard into multistory agroforestry increases system productivity
复制标题
将菠萝蜜（ArtocarpusheterophyllusLam.）果园转变为多层农林业，提高了系统生产力
DOI：
10.1007/s10457-017-0118-1
复制
发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
S. Jose
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. G. Miah;Mohammad Mahbub Islam;Md. Abiar Rahman;T. Ahamed;M. R. Islam;S. Jose
一些传统和现代农林系统在孟加拉国的农业景观中很常见。菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.）基于农林业是其中之一，主要存在于梯田生态系统中。通过利用现有空间种植相容的相关作物，有很大的机会来改善该系统。为此，在2012年至2013年期间，菠萝蜜果园被改造成多层复合农林系统，其中菠萝蜜树被保持为上层，相关作物，如木瓜和茄子分别被种植为中层和下层作物。在改进的系统中，由于对中、下层作物施肥和灌水，菠萝蜜产量增加了32.7%。木瓜和茄子的产量分别减少了22.8%和17.4%，因为地下和地上资源的竞争。例如，中层和下层作物的光截获分别为55.5%和30.8%。然而，单位面积的总产量（结合菠萝蜜，木瓜，茄子的产量）在多层农林复合系统显着高于单一系统，由于集约化的土地利用相同的面积。所研究的多层农林复合系统的效益成本比和土地当量比分别为5.47和2.59。这些结果表明，传统的菠萝蜜果园可以转化为多层农林复合系统，其更高的系统生产力，包括更高的产量，并增加收入，最终将改善农业社区的生活。
A number of traditional and modern agroforestry systems are common in the agricultural landscape of Bangladesh. Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) based agroforestry is one of them and predominantly found in terrace ecosystems. There is an enormous opportunity to improve the system through utilizing available space by growing compatible associated crops. For this, a jackfruit orchard was transformed into a multistoried agroforestry system during the period from 2012 to 2013, where jackfruit trees were kept as overstory, and associated crops, such as papaya and eggplant were grown as middle and lower story crops, respectively. In the improved system, jackfruit yield increased by 32.7% due to fertilizers and irrigation applied for the middle and lower-storied crops. Yields of papaya and eggplant were reduced by 22.8 and 17.4%, respectively, because of competition for both belowground and aboveground resources. For example, light interception by the middle and lower story crops were 55.5 and 30.8%, respectively. However, the total production per unit area (by combining the yields of jackfruit, papaya, and eggplant) in the multistoried agroforestry system was remarkably higher than the monoculture system for the same area due to intensive land use. The benefit–cost ratio and land equivalent ratio for the studied multistoried agroforestry systems were 5.47 and 2.59, respectively. These results suggest that the traditional jackfruit orchard could be transformed to multistoried agroforestry systems for its higher system productivity including higher yield, and increased income that ultimately will improve the livelihood of the farming community.