Genetic diversity among isolates of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on grapevines
Genetic diversity among isolates of Phaeomoniella chlamydospora on grapevines
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DOI：
10.1071/ap06047
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发表时间：
2006-08
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
L. Mostert;E. Abeln;F. Halleen;P. Crous
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
L. Mostert;E. Abeln;F. Halleen;P. Crous
衣孢子肺炎是葡萄皮氏病和葡萄表皮病的主要病原菌之一。虽然已知衣孢假单胞菌具有腔菌联形，但迄今为止尚无关于衣孢假单胞菌远形的报道，其疾病周期在很大程度上仍然未知。本研究利用扩增片段长度多态性比较了不同葡萄种植国衣孢假单胞菌的遗传多样性。研究了63株来自南非的分离株和25株来自澳大利亚、法国、伊朗、意大利、新西兰、斯洛文尼亚和美国葡萄产区的分离株。两个引物组合共产生138个可得分标记，其中33%为多态性。算术平均分析的非加权配对组方法显示，不同分离株间具有较高的相似性（≥94.5%）。总体上低水平的遗传变异证实了无性繁殖在该领域占主导地位。在同一株葡萄藤中，衣孢假单胞菌的分离株存在不同的基因型，表明不同的接种源存在多重感染。来自不同产地和国家的分离株具有很高的相似性和聚集性，表明不存在基因型-地理结构。同一基因型在不同葡萄园和产区的存在表明，通过空中接种或受感染的植物材料的远距离传播在基因型分布中起重要作用。
Phaeomoniella chlamydospora is one of the main causal agents of Petri disease and esca of grapevines. Although it is known to have a coelomycete synanamorph, no teleomorph has thus far been reported for P. chlamydospora, and its disease cycle remains largely unknown. The present study compared the genetic diversity of P. chlamydospora isolates from different grapevine-growing countries using amplified fragment length polymorphisms. Sixty-three isolates from South Africa and 25 from grapevine regions in Australia, France, Iran, Italy, New Zealand, Slovenia and the USA were studied. Two primer combinations were used producing 138 scorable markers, of which 33% were polymorphic. An unweighted paired group method of arithmetic averages analysis showed a high similarity (≥94.5%) among the different isolates. The overall low level of genetic variation confirmed asexual reproduction to be dominant in the field. Different genotypes were found among isolates of P. chlamydospora within the same grapevine, suggesting multiple infections from different inoculum sources. Isolates from different production areas and countries had a high percentage of similarity and clustered together, indicating the absence of genotype-geographic structure. The presence of the same genotype in different vineyards and production areas suggests that long-range dispersal through aerial inoculum or infected plant material play an important role in genotype distribution.