Guidance for targeted development of ammonia synthesis catalysts from a holistic process approach
Guidance for targeted development of ammonia synthesis catalysts from a holistic process approach
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DOI：
10.1016/j.checat.2021.09.015
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Collin Smith;L. Torrente‐Murciano
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Collin Smith;L. Torrente‐Murciano
哈伯-博世合成氨工艺在经历了一个世纪的现状后，可再生能源生产绿色氨的前景为新型催化剂的发展注入了新的活力，但同时考虑反应和分离的整体方法是必要的。较低的操作压力--工艺创新的主要目标--受到反应平衡和分离特性所带来的热力学和实际限制的限制。无论是传统的冷凝分离，还是新兴的技术，如吸收显示，都降低了催化剂的操作压力。因此，分离技术应该指导中等压力(10-30巴)的催化剂设计目标，而不是文献中普遍存在的大气压力。在这种情况下，消除氢气和氨气的抑制变得至关重要。在描述工艺设计施加的限制条件时，这项工作为开发既作为肥料又作为可再生能源载体的绿色氨生产催化剂提供了方向。
After a century of status quo in the Haber-Bosch process for synthesizing ammonia, the prospect for green ammonia derived from renewable energy has reinvigorated the development of novel catalysts, but a holistic approach considering both reaction and separation is required. Lower operating pressures—the principal target for process innovations—are constrained by the thermodynamic and practical limitations imposed by the reaction equilibrium and separation characteristics. Both conventional condensation separation and emerging technologies, such as absorption display, lower limits on the operating pressure of the catalyst. As such, the separation techniques should guide the targeting of catalyst design for moderate pressures (10–30 bar) as opposed to atmospheric pressures prevalent in the literature. Under such conditions, removing hydrogen and ammonia inhibition becomes crucial. In describing the constraints imposed by process design, this work provides direction for the development of catalysts for green ammonia production as both a fertilizer and a renewable energy vector.