Movement and VIP Interneuron Activation Differentially Modulate Encoding in Mouse Auditory Cortex
Movement and VIP Interneuron Activation Differentially Modulate Encoding in Mouse Auditory Cortex
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DOI：
10.1523/eneuro.0164-19.2019
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发表时间：
2019-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hasenstaub, Andrea R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bigelow, James;Morrill, Ryan J.;Hasenstaub, Andrea R.
感觉皮层的信息处理对非感觉变量如麻醉状态、唤醒和任务参与高度敏感。最近在小鼠视觉皮层的研究表明，当动物从事运动时，诱发放电率，刺激反应互信息和编码效率都会增加。一个去抑制电路出现这种变化的核心：表达血管活性肠肽（VIP）的抑制性神经元在运动过程中被激活，并通过抑制其他抑制性中间神经元来解除对锥体细胞的抑制。奇怪的是，尽管运动激活了听觉皮层（ACtx）中类似的去抑制回路，但大多数ACtx研究报告运动期间的尖峰减少。目前还不清楚尖峰频率的变化是否会导致刺激-反应互信息的相应变化。我们研究了ACtx反应诱发的音云刺激，在清醒的小鼠的性别，在自发运动和静止的条件。VIP+细胞在一半的试验中被光遗传学激活，允许对运动和VIP激活的后果以及它们的交叉进行独立分析。运动降低刺激相关的尖峰率以及互信息和编码效率。VIP中间神经元激活倾向于增加刺激诱发的尖峰频率，但刺激-反应互信息，从而降低编码效率。运动和VIP激活的交叉点在很大程度上与这些主要效应的线性组合一致：VIP激活恢复了运动引起的尖峰频率降低，但不恢复信息传递。
Information processing in sensory cortex is highly sensitive to nonsensory variables such as anesthetic state, arousal, and task engagement. Recent work in mouse visual cortex suggests that evoked firing rates, stimulus-response mutual information, and encoding efficiency increase when animals are engaged in movement. A disinhibitory circuit appears central to this change: inhibitory neurons expressing vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) are activated during movement and disinhibit pyramidal cells by suppressing other inhibitory interneurons. Paradoxically, although movement activates a similar disinhibitory circuit in auditory cortex (ACtx), most ACtx studies report reduced spiking during movement. It is unclear whether the resulting changes in spike rates result in corresponding changes in stimulus-response mutual information. We examined ACtx responses evoked by tone cloud stimuli, in awake mice of both sexes, during spontaneous movement and still conditions. VIP+ cells were optogenetically activated on half of trials, permitting independent analysis of the consequences of movement and VIP activation, as well as their intersection. Movement decreased stimulus-related spike rates as well as mutual information and encoding efficiency. VIP interneuron activation tended to increase stimulus-evoked spike rates but not stimulus-response mutual information, thus reducing encoding efficiency. The intersection of movement and VIP activation was largely consistent with a linear combination of these main effects: VIP activation recovered movement-induced reduction in spike rates, but not information transfer.