Volatile organic compounds in the western Mediterranean basin: urban and rural winter measurements during the DAURE campaign
Volatile organic compounds in the western Mediterranean basin: urban and rural winter measurements during the DAURE campaign
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DOI：
10.5194/acp-13-4291-2013
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发表时间：
2012-11
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
R. Seco;J. Peñuelas;I. Filella;J. Llusià;S. Schallhart;Axel Metzger;M. Müller;A. Hansel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Seco;J. Peñuelas;I. Filella;J. Llusià;S. Schallhart;Axel Metzger;M. Müller;A. Hansel
抽象。大气挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）具有重要的环境和生物作用，但人们对地中海城市和自然环境中的每日VOC混合比知之甚少。我们测量VOC混合比同时在城市和农村网站在冬季DAURE运动在伊比利亚半岛东北部，通过PTR-MS在两个位置：一个PTR-Quad-MS在城市网站和一个PTR-ToF-MS在农村网站。所有测量的挥发性有机化合物混合比在城市站点较高（例如，乙醛，异戊二烯，苯和甲苯的平均值分别高达1.68，0.31，0.58和2.71 ppbv），除了一些短链氧化的挥发性有机化合物，如丙酮（在两个站点的平均值为0.7-1.6 ppbv）。不同地点的平均昼夜模式也不同。城市中的VOCs大多在早晨和晚上表现出最高的混合比例。这些高峰与高峰时段的交通相吻合，这是分析的大多数VOCs的主要来源。在这两个峰值之间，海风将城市空气输送到内陆，从而有助于降低城市站点的VOC负荷。在农村现场，大多数测量的挥发性有机化合物平流的中午海风，产生最高的每日挥发性有机化合物混合比（如乙醛，异戊二烯，苯，甲苯，平均值分别高达0.65，0.07，0.19和0.41 ppbv）。只有生物单萜显示出明确的本地起源在这个网站。此外，在这两个地点观测到的细颗粒物浓度，以及天气气象条件和无线电探测数据，可以确定不同的大气情景，对测量的挥发性有机化合物混合比有明显的影响。这些结果凸显了地中海地区附近城市和农村地区VOC混合比的差异和关系。为了更好地了解不同大气条件下城市和农村对大气VOC混合比的影响，有必要在其他城乡地区开展进一步的研究。
Abstract. Atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have key environmental and biological roles, but little is known about the daily VOC mixing ratios in Mediterranean urban and natural environments. We measured VOC mixing ratios concurrently at an urban and a rural site during the winter DAURE campaign in the northeastern Iberian Peninsula, by means of PTR-MS at both locations: a PTR-Quad-MS at the urban site and a PTR-ToF-MS at the rural site. All VOC mixing ratios measured were higher at the urban site (e.g. acetaldehyde, isoprene, benzene, and toluene with averages up to 1.68, 0.31, 0.58 and 2.71 ppbv, respectively), with the exception of some short-chain oxygenated VOCs such as acetone (with similar averages of 0.7–1.6 ppbv at both sites). The average diurnal pattern also differed between the sites. Most of the VOCs at the urban location showed their highest mixing ratios in the morning and evening. These peaks coincided with traffic during rush hour, the main origin of most of the VOCs analyzed. Between these two peaks, the sea breeze transported the urban air inland, thus helping to lower the VOC loading at the urban site. At the rural site, most of the measured VOCs were advected by the midday sea breeze, yielding the highest daily VOC mixing ratios (e.g. acetaldehyde, isoprene, benzene, and toluene with averages up to 0.65, 0.07, 0.19, and 0.41 ppbv, respectively). Only biogenic monoterpenes showed a clear local origin at this site. In addition, the concentrations of fine particulate matter observed at both sites, together with the synoptic meteorological conditions and radio-sounding data, allowed the identification of different atmospheric scenarios that had a clear influence on the measured VOC mixing ratios. These results highlight the differences and relationships in VOC mixing ratios between nearby urban and rural areas in Mediterranean regions. Further research in other urban-rural areas is warranted to better understand the urban-rural influence on atmospheric VOC mixing ratios under different atmospheric conditions.