Experimental myofascial trigger point creation in rodents
Experimental myofascial trigger point creation in rodents
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DOI：
10.1152/japplphysiol.00248.2018
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Santafe, Manel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Margalef, Ramon;Sisquella, Marc;Santafe, Manel M.
肌筋膜疼痛综合征是最常见的肌肉疼痛形式之一。在这种综合征中，疼痛是由所谓的触发点引起的，触发点由肌肉中的一组可触知的收缩结组成。有人建议，高。自发的神经传递可能参与这些收缩结的产生。为了证实这一假设，我们将小鼠肌肉暴露于抗胆碱酯酶剂，以在两种不同的条件下，在体内和体外实验中增加突触间隙中的神经传递。使用细胞内记录，可以看到，在耳长提肌和膈肌的增加较低的自发神经传递急剧增加。同样地，肌电图记录显示治疗动物的腓肠肌终板噪声升高。这些变化与结构变化相关，如通过罗丹明化α-银环蛇毒素观察到的丰富的神经肌肉收缩区和收缩结周围存在丰富的糖胺聚糖，如Alcian PAS染色所示。在第二组实验中，我们旨在证明神经传递的增加再现了与触发点相关的大多数临床体征。我们将大鼠暴露于抗胆碱酯酶剂新斯的明，30分钟后，我们观察到可触及的绷紧带的存在，收缩结的超声心动图存在，以及针刺激后的局部抽搐反应。总之，我们证明了在大鼠和小鼠中，神经传递的增加会诱导触发点，收缩区周围的糖胺聚糖是这种病理学的新标志。新&值得注意的是，在啮齿动物中，当皮下注射新斯的明时。神经肌肉神经传递增加，并且可以观察到几种变化：与正常终板噪声相比，终板噪声升高，如肌电图记录所证实的;许多肌肉纤维具有收缩结（较窄的肌节和局部增厚的肌纤维），其被结缔组织如糖胺聚糖分子的浸润所包围;以及在针刺激时可触知的拉紧带和局部抽搐反应。这些迹象中的一些也在肌肉疼痛的人中观察到。
Myofascial pain syndrome is one of the most common forms of muscle pain. In this syndrome, pain is originated by the so-called trigger points, which consists of a set of palpable contraction knots in the muscle. It has been proposed that a high. spontaneous neurotransmission may be involved in the generation of these contraction knots. To confirm this hypothesis, we exposed mouse muscles to an anticholinesterasic agent to increase the neurotransmision in the synaptic cleft in two different conditions, in vivo and ex vivo experiments. Using intracellular recordings, a sharp increase in the spontaneous neurotransmission in the levator auris longus muscle and a lower increase in the diaphragm muscle could be seen. Likewise, electromyography recordings reveal an elevated endplate noise in gastrocnemius muscle of treated animals. These changes are associated with structural changes such as abundant neuromuscular contracted zones observed by rhodaminated alpha-bungarotoxin and the presence of abundant glycosaminoglycans around the contraction knots, as shown by Alcian PAS staining. In a second set of experiments, we aimed at demonstrating that the increases in the neurotransmission reproduced most of the clinical signs associated to a trigger point. We exposed rats to the anticholinesterase agent neostigmine, and 30 min afterward we observed the presence of palpable taut bands, the echocardiographic presence of contraction knots, and local twitch responses upon needle stimulation. In summary, we demonstrated that increased neurotransmission induced trigger points in both rats and mice, as evidenced by glycosaminoglycans around the contraction zones as a novel hallmark of this pathology.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In rodents, when neostigmine was injected subcutaneously. the neuromuscular neurotransmission increased, and several changes can be observed: an elevated endplate noise compared with normal endplate noise, as evidenced by electro-myographyc recording; many muscular fibers with contraction knots (narrower sarcomeres and locally thickened muscle fiber) surrounded by infiltration of connective tissue like glycosaminoglycans molecules; and palpable taut bands and local twitch responses upon needle stimulation. Several of these signs are also observed in humans with muscle pain.