ABUNDANCE OF THE EXCAVATING SPONGE CLIONA DELITRIX IN RELATION TO SEWAGE DISCHARGE AT SAN ANDRÉS ISLAND, SW CARIBBEAN, COLOMBIA
ABUNDANCE OF THE EXCAVATING SPONGE CLIONA DELITRIX IN RELATION TO SEWAGE DISCHARGE AT SAN ANDRÉS ISLAND, SW CARIBBEAN, COLOMBIA
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哥伦比亚西加勒比海圣安德烈斯岛与污水排放相关的挖掘海绵 CIONA DELITRIX 的丰富度
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Martha Gómez
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Chaves‐Fonnegra;S. Zea;Martha Gómez
众所周知，加勒比海绵体Cliona delitrix的覆壳和挖掘可能会增加其在污水源附近的丰度。为了确定其目前在圣安德烈斯岛（哥伦比亚加勒比海西南部）背风珊瑚礁中的显著性是否与当地原始污水排放的有机污染有关，我们从沿浅（5-10米深）阶地的七个站点的带状和线状样带中获得了这种海绵和其他底栖生物成分的密度和覆盖的定量数据。珊瑚粘液取样以量化大肠杆菌，作为污水羽流对底栖生物群影响的近似指标。珊瑚黏液中大肠杆菌的数量与距离主要原污水出口的距离呈负乘法回归，表明该细菌来自生活垃圾。虽然大肠杆菌数量仅在距离污水来源1-2公里处出现，但整体污水影响可能进一步扩大，因为中等程度的德里氏大肠杆菌丰度在整个圣安德烈斯西部浅阶地出现，显然与污水的总体营养富集有关。西南地区离污水影响最远，其丰度较低，总体上向污染源方向增加，而在主要污水出水口附近减少。在靠近污水来源的地方，悬浮有机质的增加对海绵的任何积极影响，都可能被过度沉降对海绵本身以及可沉降的基质的数量和质量所产生的负面影响所抵消。
It is known that the encrusting and excavating Caribbean sponge Cliona delitrix may increase its abundance near sources of sewage. To ascertain whether its current conspicuousness in leeward reefs of San Andres Island (SW Caribbean, Colombia) is related to organic pollution from local raw sewage discharges, quantitative data on density and cover of this sponge and other benthic components was obtained from belt and line transects at seven stations along the shallow (5-10 m deep) terrace. Coral mucus was sampled to quantify escherichia coli bacteria, as an approximate indicator of sewage plume influence on benthic biota. A negative multiplicative regression between amount of e. coli in coral mucus and distance from the main raw sewage outlet demonstrated the domestic-wastes origin of the bacteria. Whereas significant e. coli counts occurred only up to 1-2 km from sewage sources, overall sewage influence may extend further as moderate C. delitrix abundances occurred throughout the West shallow terrace of San Andres, apparently associated to the overall nutrient enrichment from sewage. C. delitrix abundances were lower in the Southwest, farthest from sewage influence, and generally increased towards sewage sources, but decreased near the main sewage outlet. Close to sewage sources, any positive effect on the sponge brought about by the increase in suspended organic matter is probably outweighed by the negative effect that excessive sedimentation has on the sponge itself, and on the quantity and quality of substratum available for settlement.