A comparison of conflict of interest policies at peer-reviewed journals in different scientific disciplines
A comparison of conflict of interest policies at peer-reviewed journals in different scientific disciplines
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DOI：
10.1007/s11948-007-9011-z
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Flanagin, Annette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ancker, Jessica S.;Flanagin, Annette
科学期刊可以通过利益冲突政策促进道德出版实践。然而，利益冲突政策的普遍性和利益冲突的定义似乎在不同的科学学科之间有所不同。这项对12个不同科学学科的高影响力、同行评议的期刊进行的调查是为了评估这些差异。这项调查确定了84种期刊中28种(33%)发表的利益冲突政策。然而，当84个期刊中的49个(58%)的代表完成了一项关于期刊利益冲突政策的网络调查时，39个(80%)的期刊报告说有这样的政策。政策(包括那些未发表的政策)的频率因学科而异，从普通医学期刊的100%到物理期刊的零。财务利益最常与作者有关；审稿人的政策最常涉及非财务冲突。在39种有政策的期刊中，22种(56%)有关于编辑冲突的政策。每个类别中影响最大的期刊最有可能有已发表的政策，政策的频率随排名呈线性下降；例如，58%的期刊发表了政策，42%的期刊排名第三，8%的期刊排名第七(趋势检验，p=0.003)。有利益冲突政策还与自我报告的利益冲突问题史有关。已公布的利益冲突政策的普及率高于1997年的一项研究报告，这一增加可能是由于对利益冲突问题的认识提高了。然而，许多有政策的期刊并不容易获得，许多现有的政策缺乏对利益冲突的明确定义，也没有关于在同行审查和出版期间如何管理披露的细节。
Scientific journals can promote ethical publication practices through policies on conflicts of interest. However, the prevalence of conflict of interest policies and the definition of conflict of interest appear to vary across scientific disciplines. This survey of high-impact, peer-reviewed journals in 12 different scientific disciplines was conducted to assess these variations. The survey identified published conflict of interest policies in 28 of 84 journals (33%). However, when representatives of 49 of the 84 journals (58%) completed a Web-based survey about journal conflict of interest policies, 39 (80%) reported having such a policy. Frequency of policies (including those not published) varied by discipline, from 100% among general medical journals to none among physics journals. Financial interests were most frequently addressed with relation to authors; policies for reviewers most often addressed non-financial conflicts. Twenty-two of the 39 journals with policies (56%) had policies about editors' conflicts. The highest impact journals in each category were most likely to have a published policy, and the frequency of policies fell linearly with rank; for example, policies were published by 58% of journals ranked 1 in their category, 42% of journals ranked third, and 8% of journals ranked seventh (test for trend, p = 0.003). Having a conflict of interest policy was also associated with a self-reported history of problems with conflict of interest. The prevalence of published conflict of interest policies was higher than that reported in a 1997 study, an increase that might be attributable to heightened awareness of conflict of interest issues. However, many of the journals with policies do not make them readily available and many of those policies that were available lacked clear definitions of conflict of interest or details about how disclosures would be managed during peer review and publication.