Species matter for predicting the functioning of evolving microbial communities
Species matter for predicting the functioning of evolving microbial communities
复制标题
物种对于预测不断进化的微生物群落的功能很重要
DOI：
10.1101/666685
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发表时间：
2019
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Barraclough T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Barraclough T
人类依赖微生物群落提供许多生态系统服务，如全球营养循环，植物生长和消化健康。然而，预测这些复杂系统的动态和功能是困难的，这使得干预措施更难增强功能。一种简化的方法是假设功能可以从社区中存在的酶的集合中预测。另外，物种的生态和进化动力学，这取决于酶是如何包装的物种，可能是至关重要的预测社区功能。我调查这些替代品，通过扩展经典的恒化器模型的细菌生长的多个物种，在其使用的化学资源的演变。生态相互作用产生于资源利用的模式，随着物种在代谢酶分配方面的进化而变化。群落功能的衡量标准依次来自代谢物浓度和细菌密度。虽然该模型显示出相当大的功能冗余，物种包装的问题，通过引入限制酶水平是否可以达到最佳水平，为整个系统。与纯粹的生态模式相比，进化可以促进或减少功能，这取决于资源使用的权衡形式。该模型为解释真实的细菌群落的进化和功能的新数据提供了基线理论。
Humans depend on microbial communities for numerous ecosystem services such as global nutrient cycles, plant growth and their digestive health. Yet predicting dynamics and functioning of these complex systems is hard, making interventions to enhance functioning harder still. One simplifying approach is to assume that functioning can be predicted from the set of enzymes present in a community. Alternatively, ecological and evolutionary dynamics of species, which depend on how enzymes are packaged among species, might be vital for predicting community functioning. I investigate these alternatives by extending classical chemostat models of bacterial growth to multiple species that evolve in their use of chemical resources. Ecological interactions emerge from patterns of resource use, which change as species evolve in their allocation of metabolic enzymes. Measures of community functioning derive in turn from metabolite concentrations and bacterial density. Although the model shows considerable functional redundancy, species packaging does matter by introducing constraints on whether enzyme levels can reach optimum levels for the whole system. Evolution can either promote or reduce functioning compared to purely ecological models, depending on the shape of trade-offs in resource use. The model provides baseline theory for interpreting emerging data on evolution and functioning in real bacterial communities.