Biomechanical gait alterations independent of speed in the healthy elderly: Evidence for specific limiting impairments
Biomechanical gait alterations independent of speed in the healthy elderly: Evidence for specific limiting impairments
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DOI：
10.1016/s0003-9993(98)90013-2
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发表时间：
1998-03-01
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Collins, JJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kerrigan, DC;Todd, MK;Collins, JJ
目的：目前尚不清楚老年人步态生物力学的变化是否与衰老本身有关，或者与该人群中步行速度的降低有关。本研究的目的是通过识别步态生物力学的年龄相关变化，并确定这些变化中的哪一个在步行速度增加时持续存在。设计：收集了立体摄影测量和测力平台数据，峰值关节运动的差异测量了健康的年轻人和老年人在舒适和增加的步行速度下的关节力矩和功率（运动学）值。31名健康老年人（年龄65至84岁）和31名健康年轻成人受试者（年龄18 - 36岁），所有患者均无已知的神经、肌肉骨骼、心脏或肺部问题。主要结果测量：步态周期中所有主要峰值运动学和动力学变量，结果：年轻人和老年人之间的一些运动学和动力学差异被发现，当步行速度增加时，在舒适和快速步行速度下持续存在的差异是髋关节伸展峰值降低，骨盆前倾角增加，踝关节跖屈和踝关节发电减少，结论：老年人的步态表现可能会受到髋关节屈曲挛缩和踝关节跖屈肌向心性无力的限制。目前的研究结果应该激励未来的实验性试验，具体的髋屈肌拉伸和踝跖屈肌同心加强练习，以保持和潜在地提高老年人的行走性能。(C)1998年由美国康复医学大会和美国物理医学和康复学会。
Objectives: It is not known whether changes in the biomechanics of elderly gait are related to aging per se, or to reduced walking speed in this population, The goals of the present study were to identify specific biomechanical changes, independent of speed, that might impair gait performance in healthy older people by identifying age-associated changes in the biomechanics of gait, and to determine which of these changes persist at increased walking speed.Design: Stereophotogrammetric and force platform data were collected, Differences in peak joint motion (kinematic) and joint moment and power (kinetic) values between healthy young and elderly subjects at comfortable and increased walking speed were measured.Setting: A gait laboratory.Subjects: Thirty-one healthy elderly (age 65 to 84 years) and 31 healthy young adult subjects (age 18 to 36 years), all without known neurologic, musculoskeletal, cardiac, or pulmonary problems.Main Outcome Measures: All major peak kinematic and kinetic variables during the gait cycle,Results: Several kinematic and kinetic differences between young and elderly adults were found that did not persist when walking speed was increased, Differences that persisted at both comfortable and fast walking speeds were reduced peak hip extension, increased anterior pelvic tilt, and reduced ankle plantarflexion and ankle power generation,Conclusion: Gait performance in the elderly may be limited by both subtle hip flexion contracture and ankle plantarflexor concentric weakness. Results of the current study should motivate future experimental trials of specific hip flexor stretching and ankle plantarflexor concentric strengthening exercises to preserve and potentially improve walking performance in the elderly. (C) 1998 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine and the American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.