Review of impact categories and environmental indicators for life cycle assessment of geotechnical systems
Review of impact categories and environmental indicators for life cycle assessment of geotechnical systems
复制标题
审查岩土系统生命周期评估的影响类别和环境指标
DOI：
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
J. DeJong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. J. Raymond;James R. Tipton;A. Kendall;J. DeJong
生命周期评价（LCA）在岩土工程领域的应用有限，但在路面、道路等土木工程领域得到了广泛的应用。对以前岩土工程lca的回顾表明，大多数研究都追踪了一小部分影响类别，例如能源和全球变暖潜力。因此，目前报告的环境指标可能无法有效或充分地反映与土工系统有关的重要环境影响和权衡，包括与土地和土壤资源有关的影响和权衡。本研究回顾了以往土地利用和土壤相关影响评估的研究、方法和模型，以了解它们在岩土工程LCA中的适用性。这次审查的结果表明，目前的知识和实践仍然存在重大差距。特别是，需要进一步发展或完善与岩土工程应用有关的环境指标、影响类别和因果途径，特别是与土壤质量、土壤功能和土壤提供的生态系统服务有关的指标。此外，许多现有的方法是从与其他学科（如农业）有关的土地利用和土地利用变化研究中产生的。为了适用于岩土工程项目，许多方法的分辨率和结果指标需要从景观/宏观尺度缩小到项目尺度。在短期内，岩土工程LCA的实践者应该开始跟踪土壤特性的变化，并定性地报告对土地和土壤资源的影响。
Life cycle assessment (LCA) has only had limited application in the geotechnical engineering discipline, though it has been widely applied to civil engineering systems such as pavements and roadways. A review of previous geotechnical LCAs showed that most studies have tracked a small set of impact categories, such as energy and global warming potential. Accordingly, currently reported environmental indicators may not effectively or fully capture important environmental impacts and tradeoffs associated with geotechnical systems, including those associated with land and soil resources. This research reviewed previous studies, methods, and models for assessment of land use and soil‐related impacts to understand their applicability to geotechnical LCA. The results of this review show that critical gaps remain in current knowledge and practice. In particular, further development or refinement of environmental indicators, impact categories, and cause–effect pathways is needed as they pertain to geotechnical applications—specifically those related to soil quality, soil functions, and the ecosystem services soils provide. In addition, many existing methods emerge from research on land use and land use change related to other disciplines (e.g., agriculture). For applicability to geotechnical projects, the resolution of many of these methods and resulting indicators need to be downscaled from the landscape/macro scale to the project scale. In the near term, practitioners of geotechnical LCA should begin tracking changes to soil properties and report impacts to land and soil resources qualitatively.