Transcriptional heterochrony in talpid mole autopods
Transcriptional heterochrony in talpid mole autopods
复制标题
DOI：
10.1186/2041-9139-3-16
复制
发表时间：
2012-08-09
期刊：
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bickelmann, Constanze;Mitgutsch, Christian;Sanchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.
背景：脂肪痣在其成年骨骼中表现出许多与化石发现有关的特殊性，包括与脚相比，手变大。发育机制的异时性被假设为解释骨骼元素的形态进化。方法：分析了SOX 9表达的时间和空间分布，SOX 9是一种早期的骨骼化标记，在伊比利亚鼹鼠Talpa occurentalis的直足动物中，以及在鼩结果和讨论：SOX 9的表达是先进的前肢相比，后肢在talpid摩尔。相反，在鼩 鼱和老鼠中，它们的足类动物没有表现出掘土的专门化，这是同步的。我们提供的证据表明，转录heterochrony影响talpid autopods的发展，一个例子，发展的approximately。我们讨论了我们的数据，在早期报道的模式heterochrony和后来的形态变化talpid limbs.Conclusion：转录heterochrony在SOX 9的表达被发现在talpid的autopods，这可能是占模式heterochrony在choneliphic肢的发展，以及在成人的大小变化的前和后肢。
Background: Talpid moles show many specializations in their adult skeleton linked to fossoriality, including enlarged hands when compared to the feet. Heterochrony in developmental mechanisms is hypothesized to account for morphological evolution in skeletal elements.Methods: The temporal and spatial distribution of SOX9 expression, which is an early marker of chondrification, is analyzed in autopods of the fossorial Iberian mole Talpa occidentalis, as well as in shrew (Cryptotis parva) and mouse (Mus musculus) for comparison.Results and discussion: SOX9 expression is advanced in the forelimb compared to the hind limb in the talpid mole. In contrast, in the shrew and the mouse, which do not show fossorial specializations in their autopods, it is synchronous. We provide evidence that transcriptional heterochrony affects the development of talpid autopods, an example of developmental penetrance. We discuss our data in the light of earlier reported pattern heterochrony and later morphological variation in talpid limbs.Conclusion: Transcriptional heterochrony in SOX9 expression is found in talpid autopods, which is likely to account for pattern heterochrony in chondral limb development as well as size variation in adult fore-and hind limbs.