Getting "stuck" in the past: temporal orientation and coping with trauma.
Getting "stuck" in the past: temporal orientation and coping with trauma.
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.74.5.1146
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发表时间：
1998-05
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
E. Holman;RC Silver
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Holman;RC Silver
本研究对3个创伤个体的时间取向与长期心理困扰的关系进行了横向和纵向的研究，这些个体是童年乱伦的成年受害者、越战退伍军人和南加州两个被大火烧毁的社区的居民。结果表明，过去的时间取向--将注意力集中在以前的生活经历上--与创伤过去很长一段时间后痛苦程度的升高有关，即使控制了所报告的沉思程度。创伤时的时间分裂--即当前时刻与过去和未来时间的连续性--与过去和未来时间的高度定向以及随后的痛苦有关。在经历了最严重的损失、之前经历过慢性创伤、身份受到创伤经历威胁的个体中，时间分裂最严重。
The relations between temporal orientation and long-term psychological distress were studied cross-sectionally and longitudinally in 3 samples of traumatized individuals: adult victims of childhood incest, Vietnam War veterans, and residents of 2 southern California communities devastated by fire. Results indicated that a past temporal orientation--focusing attention on prior life experiences--was associated with elevated levels of distress long after the trauma had passed, even when controlling for the degree of rumination reported. Temporal disintegration at the time of the trauma--whereby the present moment becomes isolated from the continuity of past and future time--was associated with a high degree of past temporal orientation over time and subsequent distress. Temporal disintegration was highest among individuals who had experienced the most severe loss, had previously experienced chronic trauma, and had had their identities threatened by their traumatic experience.